Petroleum and Organic Chemistry Quiz

A formula showing all atoms and their bonds in a molecule

A formula representing compounds in the same homologous series, showing the general composition of each molecule

A group of atoms attached to a carbon chain that determines the chemical properties of a homologous series

A series of organic compounds that have the same general formula and similar chemical properties

A saturated hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n+2

An unsaturated hydrocarbon with the general formula CnH2n

An organic compound containing an -OH (hydroxyl) functional group. General formula: CnH2n+1OH

An organic compound containing a -COOH (carboxyl) functional group. General formula: CnH2n+1COOH

A family of compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties.

A compound where all carbon-carbon bonds are single bonds.

A compound with at least one carbon-carbon double or triple bond.

A formula showing the arrangement of atoms in a molecule, but not all bonds.

Compounds with the same molecular formula, but different structural formulae.

A group of atoms attached to a carbon chain that determines a compound's chemical properties.

Ethene (CH2=CH2) and Propene (CH3CH=CH2) are both examples of alkenes. They have the same functional group, a carbon-carbon double bond.

The structural formula for Butane is CH3CH2CH2CH3 and the structural formula for 2-methylpropane is CH3CH(CH3)CH3.

The functional group -OH is characteristic of alcohols.

Alkanes have the general formula CnH2n+2. This formula represents the general composition of each molecule in the series.

The number in the name of an alkene indicates the carbon atom to which the double bond is attached.

The number in the name of an alcohol indicates the carbon atom to which the hydroxyl (-OH) group is attached.

Alkenes are hydrocarbons with a double bond between two carbon atoms.

Alcohols are organic compounds that contain a hydroxyl (-OH) group.

Carboxylic acids contain a carboxyl (-COOH) group.

Esters are formed from the reaction of an alcohol and a carboxylic acid.

The name of an ester is formed by changing the alcohol's name to end in -yl and the carboxylic acid's name to end in -oate.

In the name of an ester, the alcohol goes first, and the carboxylic acid goes second.

Coal, natural gas, and petroleum (crude oil) are fossil fuels.

Methane (CH4) is the main constituent of natural gas.

A compound with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms.

A compound that has a stable molecular formula but can exist in multiple forms due to the rotation of single bonds.

Petroleum, also known as crude oil, is a naturally occurring mixture of hydrocarbons. It's formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient marine organisms buried under heat and pressure.

Fractional distillation separates components of petroleum based on their different boiling points. Components with lower boiling points evaporate first and are collected at higher levels of the fractionating column.

Fractional distillation is used to separate petroleum into various fractions based on their boiling points, volatility, and chain length. This gives us useful products like gasoline, kerosene, diesel, and more.

As you move up the fractionating column, fractions have shorter carbon chains, higher volatility, and lower boiling points. This is because lighter molecules evaporate and condense at higher levels.

Petroleum is a finite resource, meaning it's not replenished at the same rate it's consumed. Therefore, it's important to use petroleum wisely and explore alternative energy sources.