Podcast
Questions and Answers
Match the words to their best definition/description.
Match the words to their best definition/description.
Acid = A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration in an aqueous solution. Open System = A system that can exchange matter and energy with the surroundings. Precipitate = An insoluble solid formed by a reaction in solution. Kinetic Energy = The energy of motion. Work = The energy used to cause an object with mass to move against a force. The 1st Law of Thermodynamics = Energy is conserved. Endothermic = A process in which the system absorbs heat from its surroundings. Internal energy = The sum of all the kinetic and potential energy of a system. Product = Substances written on the right of the arrow in a chemical equation. Reduction = The gain of electrons by a substance.
What are the spectator ions in the following precipitation reaction?
Mg(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) → Mg(OH)2(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq)
What are the spectator ions in the following precipitation reaction? Mg(NO3)2(aq) + 2 NaOH(aq) → Mg(OH)2(s) + 2 NaNO3(aq)
What is the oxidation number of Cl in the compound, HCIO2?
What is the oxidation number of Cl in the compound, HCIO2?
3
Which element is oxidized and which is reduced in the reaction
8 H2S(g) + 4 O2(g) → S8(1) + 8 H2O(g)
Which element is oxidized and which is reduced in the reaction 8 H2S(g) + 4 O2(g) → S8(1) + 8 H2O(g)
Signup and view all the answers
If 0.372 moles of benzene (C6H6) react with 51.6 grams of bromine (Br2), what is the theoretical yield of bromobenzene, C6H5Br?
C6H6 + Br2→ C6H5Br + HBr
If 0.372 moles of benzene (C6H6) react with 51.6 grams of bromine (Br2), what is the theoretical yield of bromobenzene, C6H5Br? C6H6 + Br2→ C6H5Br + HBr
Signup and view all the answers
How many grams of Pb(NO3)2 are needed to completely precipitate all of the iodide ions from 250 mL of a 0.167 M potassium iodide solution?
Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2 (s) + 2 KNO3(aq)
How many grams of Pb(NO3)2 are needed to completely precipitate all of the iodide ions from 250 mL of a 0.167 M potassium iodide solution? Pb(NO3)2 (aq) + 2 KI(aq) → PbI2 (s) + 2 KNO3(aq)
Signup and view all the answers
The Claus process for removing hydrogen sulfide from natural gas relies on the reaction:
8 H2S(g) + 4 O2(g) → S8(1) + 8H2O(g)
If the process gives a 98% yield of S8 and you began with 0.134 moles of H2S and excess oxygen, what mass of S8 was actually measured?
The Claus process for removing hydrogen sulfide from natural gas relies on the reaction: 8 H2S(g) + 4 O2(g) → S8(1) + 8H2O(g) If the process gives a 98% yield of S8 and you began with 0.134 moles of H2S and excess oxygen, what mass of S8 was actually measured?
Signup and view all the answers
The internal energy of a system is always increased by
The internal energy of a system is always increased by
Signup and view all the answers
What is the change in internal energy of a system when 0.37 J of work is done on the system and the system releases 1.97 J of heat to the surroundings?
What is the change in internal energy of a system when 0.37 J of work is done on the system and the system releases 1.97 J of heat to the surroundings?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the mass of an aluminum sample if 819 J caused its temperature to increase from 25°C to 51°C? [Cs = 0.90 J/g-K]
What is the mass of an aluminum sample if 819 J caused its temperature to increase from 25°C to 51°C? [Cs = 0.90 J/g-K]
Signup and view all the answers
How much energy is released when 2.5 grams of F2 is reacted with excess H2 according to the following thermochemical equation?
H2(g) + F2(g) → 2HF(g) ΔΗ = -537 kJ
How much energy is released when 2.5 grams of F2 is reacted with excess H2 according to the following thermochemical equation? H2(g) + F2(g) → 2HF(g) ΔΗ = -537 kJ
Signup and view all the answers
Calculate the reaction enthalpy for the reaction:
P4O6(s) + 2O2(g) → P4O10(s)
ΔΗrxn = ?
given the following thermochemical equations.:
P4(s) +3 O2(g) → P406(s)
ΔΗrxn = -1640.1 kJ
P4(s) +5 O2(g) → P4010(s)
ΔΗrxn = -2940.1 kJ
Calculate the reaction enthalpy for the reaction: P4O6(s) + 2O2(g) → P4O10(s) ΔΗrxn = ? given the following thermochemical equations.: P4(s) +3 O2(g) → P406(s) ΔΗrxn = -1640.1 kJ P4(s) +5 O2(g) → P4010(s) ΔΗrxn = -2940.1 kJ
Signup and view all the answers
What is ΔΗ°rxn for the following reaction:
CH4(g) + 4 F2(g) → CF4(g) + 4 HF(g)
Compound
ΔΗ°f (kJ/mol)
CH4(g)
-74.8
F2(g)
0
CF4(g)
-679.9
HF(g)
-268.6
What is ΔΗ°rxn for the following reaction: CH4(g) + 4 F2(g) → CF4(g) + 4 HF(g)
| Compound | ΔΗ°f (kJ/mol) |
|---|---|
| CH4(g) | -74.8 |
| F2(g) | 0 |
| CF4(g) | -679.9 |
| HF(g) | -268.6 |
Signup and view all the answers
Write the molecular equation for the reaction.
When a solution of ammonium sulfide is mixed with a solution of magnesium nitrate, a precipitate of magnesium sulfide forms.
Write the molecular equation for the reaction.
When a solution of ammonium sulfide is mixed with a solution of magnesium nitrate, a precipitate of magnesium sulfide forms.
Signup and view all the answers
Write the total ionic equation for this reaction.
Write the total ionic equation for this reaction.
Signup and view all the answers
What are the spectator ions in this reaction?
What are the spectator ions in this reaction?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the molarity of a Ca(OH)2 solution if 37.5 mL is needed to neutralize 74.8 mL of a 0.519 M HCl solution?
What is the molarity of a Ca(OH)2 solution if 37.5 mL is needed to neutralize 74.8 mL of a 0.519 M HCl solution?
Signup and view all the answers
When a 3.27 gram sample of solid sodium hydroxide is dissolved in 100.0 grams of water in a constant pressure calorimeter, the temperature of the solution increases from 22.7°C to 41.9°C. Assuming the specific heat of the solution is 4.184 J/g-K, calculate ΔΗ for this process.
When a 3.27 gram sample of solid sodium hydroxide is dissolved in 100.0 grams of water in a constant pressure calorimeter, the temperature of the solution increases from 22.7°C to 41.9°C. Assuming the specific heat of the solution is 4.184 J/g-K, calculate ΔΗ for this process.
Signup and view all the answers
The fuel used in many gas grills is propane, C3H8(g). To produce a flame, the propane is combusted with oxygen from the air according to the following equation:
C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) → 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g)
ΔΗ° = -2044 kJ
What is the heat of formation of C3H8(g)? [∆Hf° (CO2(g)) = -393.5 kJ/mol and ∆Hf° (H2O(g)) = -241.82 kJ/mol]
The fuel used in many gas grills is propane, C3H8(g). To produce a flame, the propane is combusted with oxygen from the air according to the following equation: C3H8(g) + 5O2(g) → 3CO2(g) + 4H2O(g) ΔΗ° = -2044 kJ What is the heat of formation of C3H8(g)? [∆Hf° (CO2(g)) = -393.5 kJ/mol and ∆Hf° (H2O(g)) = -241.82 kJ/mol]
Signup and view all the answers
If the tank of propane holds 20 pounds, what is the total energy (kJ) that can be produced from propane combustion reaction? [1 pound = 453.6 g]
If the tank of propane holds 20 pounds, what is the total energy (kJ) that can be produced from propane combustion reaction? [1 pound = 453.6 g]
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Matching
- 1. Acid: A substance increasing hydrogen ion concentration in an aqueous solution.
- 2. Open System: A system exchanging matter and energy with surroundings.
- 3. Precipitate: An insoluble solid formed by a reaction in solution.
- 4. Kinetic Energy: The energy of motion.
- 5. Potential Energy: The energy used to cause an object to move against a force.
- 6. First Law of Thermodynamics: Energy is conserved.
- 7. Endothermic: A process where the system absorbs heat from surroundings.
- 8. Internal Energy: The sum of all kinetic and potential energy in a system.
- 9. Products: Substances appearing on the right side of a chemical equation.
- 10. Reduction: The gain of electrons by a substance.
Multiple Choice
- 1. Spectator Ions in Mg(NO3)2(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) → Mg(OH)2(s) + 2NaNO3(aq) are Na⁺ and NO₃⁻.
- 2. Oxidation number of Cl in HClO₂ is +3.
- 3. In the reaction 8 H₂S(g) + 4O₂(g) → S₈(l) + 8 H₂O(g), sulfur (S) is oxidized and oxygen (O) is reduced.
- 4. Theoretical yield of bromobenzene (C₆H₅Br) from 0.372 moles benzene and 51.6 grams of bromine is 58.45 grams.
- 5. Mass of Pb(NO₃)₂ needed to completely precipitate iodide ions from 250 mL of 0.167 M potassium iodide solution is 6.91 grams.
Additional Problems
- 6. Mass of S₈ produced from 0.134 moles H₂S with excess oxygen, assuming 98% yield, is 4.66 grams.
- 7. Adding heat to a system while surroundings do work on the system increases the system's internal energy.
- 8. If 0.37 J of work is done on a system that releases 1.97 J of heat, the change in internal energy is -1.60 J.
- 9. Mass of an aluminum sample with 819 J causing an increase in temperature from 25°C to 51°C, using specific heat of 0.90 J/g-K is 35.0 g.
- 10. Energy released when 2.5 grams of F₂ reacts with excess H₂ to form 2HF(g), based on ΔH = -537 kJ, is -35.3 kJ.
- 11. Reaction enthalpy for P₄O₆(s) + 2O₂(g) → P₄O₁₀(s), given P₄(s) + 3O₂(g) → P₄O₆(s), ΔH = -1640.1 kJ and P₄(s) + 5O₂(g) → P₄O₁₀(s), ΔH = -2940.1 kJ, is -1680 kJ.
- 12. ΔH°rxn for CH₄(g) + 4F₂(g) → CF₄(g) + 4HF(g), given ΔH°f values, is -1680 kJ.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Test your understanding of key chemistry concepts with this quiz. From acid-base definitions to thermodynamics principles, this quiz covers a range of topics. Challenge yourself and see how well you know the fundamentals of chemistry!
