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What is a core tenet of Dalton's atomic theory concerning the nature of atoms?
What is a core tenet of Dalton's atomic theory concerning the nature of atoms?
- Atoms can be created and destroyed through chemical reactions.
- Atoms are divisible into subatomic particles.
- Atoms are indivisible and cannot be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction. (correct)
- Atoms of different elements are chemically identical but differ in mass
According to Dalton's atomic theory, how do atoms of the same element compare?
According to Dalton's atomic theory, how do atoms of the same element compare?
- Atoms of the same element have the same mass but differ in chemical properties.
- Atoms of the same element have different masses but similar chemical properties.
- Atoms of the same element have identical masses and chemical properties. (correct)
- Atoms of the same element have different masses and different chemical properties.
What fundamental law concerning mass is supported by Dalton's theory, which states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction?
What fundamental law concerning mass is supported by Dalton's theory, which states that matter can neither be created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction?
- The Law of Multiple Proportions.
- The Law of Partial Pressures.
- The Law of Conservation of Mass. (correct)
- The Law of Combining Volumes.
Which principle states that a compound has the atoms of its elements present in fixed proportions by mass?
Which principle states that a compound has the atoms of its elements present in fixed proportions by mass?
In Dalton's atomic theory, what is the significance regarding compound formation?
In Dalton's atomic theory, what is the significance regarding compound formation?
What would be a correct conclusion based on the law of constant proportions?
What would be a correct conclusion based on the law of constant proportions?
How did Dalton's work relate to that of other scientists before him?
How did Dalton's work relate to that of other scientists before him?
How does the text represent the current understanding about the the atoms themselves?
How does the text represent the current understanding about the the atoms themselves?
Flashcards
What is Dalton's Atomic Theory?
What is Dalton's Atomic Theory?
All matter is composed of tiny, indivisible particles called atoms.
What does Dalton's Atomic Theory say about atoms and chemical reactions?
What does Dalton's Atomic Theory say about atoms and chemical reactions?
Atoms cannot be created or destroyed in a chemical reaction.
What does Dalton's Atomic Theory say about atoms of the same element?
What does Dalton's Atomic Theory say about atoms of the same element?
Atoms of the same element have identical mass and chemical properties.
What does Dalton's Atomic Theory say about atoms of different elements?
What does Dalton's Atomic Theory say about atoms of different elements?
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How do atoms form compounds according to Dalton's Atomic Theory?
How do atoms form compounds according to Dalton's Atomic Theory?
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What does Dalton's Atomic Theory say about the composition of compounds?
What does Dalton's Atomic Theory say about the composition of compounds?
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What is the law of conservation of mass?
What is the law of conservation of mass?
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What is the law of constant proportions?
What is the law of constant proportions?
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Study Notes
Law of Conservation of Mass
- Mass is neither created nor destroyed in a chemical reaction.
Law of Constant Proportions
- Elements in a compound are always present in definite proportions by mass.
- For example, in water, the mass ratio of hydrogen to oxygen is always 1:8.
Dalton's Atomic Theory
- All substances are made of atoms
- Atoms of the same element are identical.
- Atoms of different elements have different masses.
- Atoms combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds.
- In a chemical reaction, atoms are rearranged, not created or destroyed.
John Dalton
- Born 1766 in England.
- Became a school principal.
- Taught mathematics, physics, and chemistry.
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