Chemistry Class Questions on Atoms
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Questions and Answers

What role do neutrons play in an atom?

  • They keep the nucleus stable. (correct)
  • They form the outer shells of the atom.
  • They create a positive charge in the nucleus.
  • They determine the chemical properties of the atom.

    • Which statement accurately describes an element?

  • An element is made of multiple types of atoms.
  • An element can be both ionic and covalent.
  • An element is a substance made of only one type of atom. (correct)
  • Elements cannot exist in their pure form.

    • What happens to an atom when it loses an electron?

  • It increases its size.
  • It gains a neutron.
  • It becomes a positive ion. (correct)
  • It becomes a non-metal ion.

    • How many naturally occurring elements exist?

    <p>92</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of ion is formed when an atom gains an electron?

    <p>A non-metal ion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of electrons that can occupy the 4th shell?

    <p>32</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following orbitals are present in shell 3?

    <p>s, p, d</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which orbital type is not found in the first electron shell?

    <p>p</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which shell are 5d orbitals present?

    <p>Shell 4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct filling order for orbitals?

    <p>s, p, d, f</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is contained in the nucleus of an atom?

    <p>Protons and neutrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the atomic number of an element?

    <p>The number of protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which particle has a relative mass closest to 1?

    <p>Neutron</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula for sulphate?

    <p>$SO_4^{2-}$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If an atom has an atomic number of 11, how many protons does it have?

    <p>11 protons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which particles are negatively charged?

    <p>Electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the balanced chemical reaction $CH_4 + 2O_2 ightarrow CO_2 + 2H_2O$, which compound acts as the oxidizing agent?

    <p>$O_2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a negatively charged ion?

    <p>Sodium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Identify the product formed in the balanced reaction $Na_2CO_3 + H_2Cl ightarrow 2NaCl + CO_2 + H_2O$ that is a gas.

    <p>$CO_2$</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sequence of components in electron configuration?

    <p>atoms $ ightarrow$ shells $ ightarrow$ subshells $ ightarrow$ orbitals $ ightarrow$ electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an electron shell?

    <p>A group of atomic orbitals with the same principal quantum number.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement correctly describes a sub-shell?

    <p>It consists of orbitals that are of the same type within a shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum capacity of electrons in the third shell?

    <p>18 electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many electrons can an orbital hold?

    <p>Two electrons with opposite spins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a type of atomic orbital?

    <p>g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of electrons an s sub-shell can hold?

    <p>2 electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the p sub-shell is true?

    <p>It can hold 3 pairs of electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cell contains a nucleus?

    <p>Eukaryotic cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many total orbitals are present in the third shell?

    <p>5 orbitals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of ribosomes?

    <p>Synthesize proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the maximum number of electrons that can be held in the second shell?

    <p>8 electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organelle is responsible for modifying and packaging proteins?

    <p>Golgi Body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sub-shell contains the highest number of orbitals?

    <p>d sub-shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is chromatin composed of?

    <p>DNA and proteins</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement about genetic material in cells is true?

    <p>In prokaryotic cells, genetic material is not enclosed within a nucleus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows ionic compounds to conduct electricity?

    <p>The ions can move when molten or in solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one reason magnesium oxide has higher boiling and melting points compared to other ionic compounds?

    <p>Magnesium has an extra electron leading to stronger bonds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is described as a solid structure of ions arranged in a regular manner?

    <p>A giant ionic lattice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are ions considered vital materials for life?

    <p>They are necessary for the creation of acids and alkalis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of an ionic compound?

    <p>Sodium Chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct electron configuration for Sulfur?

    <p>1s² 2s² 2p⁶ 3s² 3p⁴</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many moles are present in 20 grams of substance if its molar mass is 10 g/mol?

    <p>2 moles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molarity of a solution containing 0.1 moles of NaCl in 250 cm³ of water?

    <p>0.4 mol/dm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly defines molarity?

    <p>The amount of solute in moles divided by the volume of solution in dm³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a solution is described as dilute, what does that imply about its concentration?

    <p>It has a lower concentration of solute in relation to the solvent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of covalent bonds?

    <p>Atoms share electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following molecules contains a covalent bond?

    <p>H₂O</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What leads to the stability of non-metal atoms in covalent bonding?

    <p>They share electrons to achieve a full outer shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many hydrogen atoms are involved in the formation of a water molecule?

    <p>Two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is formed between two oxygen atoms in an O₂ molecule?

    <p>Double bond with two shared electron pairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

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