Chemistry Class on Chemical Formulas

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the formula of the iodate ion?

I-

IO2-

IO3- (correct)

IO4

What is the name of (NH4)2HPO3?

Diammonium hydrogenphosphate

Ammonium hydrogenphosphate (correct)

Ammonia hydrogenphosphate

Ammonium hydrogenphosphite

What is a medical use of AgNO3?

Antibiotic

Diuretic

Treatment of bipolar disorder

To strengthen teeth (external) (correct)

What is the formula of bromous acid?

HBrO2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the ground state electron configuration of the most stable ion that Rb forms?

1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p6 Signup and view all the answers

What is the electron configuration for the most stable ion formed by I?

[Kr]5s25p5 Signup and view all the answers

Which of these molecules is nonpolar?

CO2 Signup and view all the answers

Which pair of chemical formulas represents ionic compounds?

CaF2 and (NH4)2SO4 Signup and view all the answers

What is the most stable ion that barium-138 can form?

56 p, 54 e, 82 n Signup and view all the answers

Which formula is correct for an ionic compound formed from lead and sulfur?

PbS Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct molecular geometry of CH2O?

Trigonal planar Signup and view all the answers

Which statement is true about the CH3Cl molecule?

It has a tetrahedral shape with HCH bond angles of approximately 109.5°. Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular formula for hydrogen fluoride in gaseous form?

HF(g) Signup and view all the answers

What is the correct name for the compound with the formula O2F2?

Dioxygen difluoride Signup and view all the answers

Calculate the formula weight of Cr2(SO3)3.

344.21 amu Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about nonpolar molecules is correct?

C2F4 is a nonpolar molecule despite having polar bonds. Signup and view all the answers

In the reaction Cu2+(aq) + Zn(s) → Cu(s) + Zn2+(g), which statement is true regarding the roles of the substances involved?

Cu2+(aq) is reduced and is the oxidizing agent while Zn(s) is oxidized and is the reducing agent. Signup and view all the answers

What is the limiting reactant when 31.8 g of H2(g) is combined with 127.1 g of NO(g) in the reaction 2 H2(g) + 2 NO(g) → N2(g) + 2 H2O(g)?

H2 Signup and view all the answers

What is the percent yield if 31.8 g of H2(g) reacts with 127.1 g of NO(g) to produce 22.8 g of N2(g)?

38.4% Signup and view all the answers

How much mass of H2(g) in grams is required to produce 220.6 g of N2(g) in the reaction 2 H2(g) + 2 NO(g) → N2(g) + 2 H2O(g)?

31.8 Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly summarizes the thermochemical reaction Fe2O3(s) + 196.5 kcal → 2 Fe(s) + 3/2 O2(g)?

548.9 kcal of energy is produced, indicating an exothermic reaction. Signup and view all the answers

How does fluoride ion help in preventing tooth decay?

Fluoride ions replace hydroxide ions in hydroxyapatite, leading to the formation of less acid-soluble fluoroapatite. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following molecular geometries is likely formed by the NO molecule based on its electron configuration?

Linear Signup and view all the answers

Which characteristic distinguishes ionic compounds from covalent compounds?

Ionic compounds have high melting points. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Chemical Formulas and Nomenclature

The iodate ion has the formula IO3-.
The name of (NH4)2HPO3 is ammonium hydrogenphosphite.
AgNO3 is used medically as an antibiotic.
Bromous acid has the formula HBrO2.

Electron Configuration

The ground state electron configuration of the most stable ion that Rb forms is [Kr]5s24d105p6.
The ground state electron configuration of the most stable ion that I forms is [Kr]5s24d105p6.

Atomic Structure and Isotopes

Barium-138 forms a stable ion with 56 protons, 54 electrons and 82 neutrons.
Phosphorus-31 forms a stable ion with 15 protons, 18 electrons and 16 neutrons.

Chemical Compounds

Hydrogen fluoride is represented by the formula HF(g).
The name of O2F2 is dioxygen difluoride.
Chromium(VI) carbonate has the formula Cr(CO3)3.

Molecular Geometry and Polarity

The CH2O molecule has a trigonal planar shape around the central atom with an approximate bond angle of 120.0 degrees. It contains polar bonds.
The correct Lewis structure for CH3Cl shows the carbon atom with three single bonds and one single bond. It is a polar molecule with a tetrahedral shape and an HCH bond angle of approximately 109.5 degrees.
C2F4 is a nonpolar molecule with polar bonds.

Formula Weight and Stoichiometry

The formula weight of Cr2(SO3)3 is 392.21 amu.
0.315 mol of Cr2(SO3)3 corresponds to 124 g of Cr2(SO3)3.
7.02 x 10^22 formula units of Cr2(SO3)3 contain 3.75 g of sulfur.

Balancing Chemical Equations

The balanced equation for the combustion of C7H14 is 2C7H14 + 21O2 → 14CO2 + 14H2O.

Redox Reactions

In the reaction Cu2+(aq) + Zn(s) → Cu(s) + Zn2+(g), Zn(s) is oxidized and is the reducing agent, while Cu2+(aq) is reduced and is the oxidizing agent.

Limiting Reactant and Percent Yield

In the reaction 2 H2(g) + 2 NO(g) → N2(g) + 2 H2O(g), with 31.8 g of H2(g) and 127.1 g of NO(g) reacting to produce 22.8 g of N2(g), the limiting reactant is NO.
The percent yield for the reaction is 61.6%.
To form 220.6 g of N2(g), 31.8 g of H2(g) is required.

Thermochemical Equations

The production of 156.0 g of iron according to the thermochemical equation Fe2O3(s) + 196.5 kcal → 2 Fe(s) + 3/2 O2(g) consumes 548.9 kcal of energy and is an endothermic reaction.

Fluoride and Tooth Enamel

Fluoride ions replace hydroxide ions in hydroxyapatite, forming the less acid soluble fluoroapatite, thereby protecting the enamel against tooth decay.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on chemical formulas, nomenclature, electron configurations, atomic structure, and molecular geometry. This quiz covers various aspects of chemistry, including the naming of compounds and the properties of ions. Perfect for chemistry students looking to reinforce their understanding.