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Questions and Answers
What is a defining property of a solution?
What is a defining property of a solution?
- The components can be separated using filtration.
- The solution is a homogeneous mixture. (correct)
- The solute and solvent form a visible sediment.
- The particles can be seen with the naked eye.
Which of these correctly identifies the components of a solution?
Which of these correctly identifies the components of a solution?
- Solute is the largest part of the solution.
- Solvent is the substance that dissolves the solute. (correct)
- Solvent is the substance dissolved in another.
- Solute is the substance that dissolves another.
What happens to light when it is passed through a solution?
What happens to light when it is passed through a solution?
- It passes through without scattering. (correct)
- It causes the solution to change color.
- It scatters and creates a visible path.
- It is absorbed completely.
Which of the following statements is true regarding solubility?
Which of the following statements is true regarding solubility?
Which example represents a gaseous solution?
Which example represents a gaseous solution?
What characterizes a saturated solution?
What characterizes a saturated solution?
In a supersaturated solution, what happens to the particles upon disturbance?
In a supersaturated solution, what happens to the particles upon disturbance?
What defines an unsaturated solution?
What defines an unsaturated solution?
Which of these mixtures is an example of a homogeneous mixture?
Which of these mixtures is an example of a homogeneous mixture?
Which of the following statements is true about factors affecting solubility?
Which of the following statements is true about factors affecting solubility?
What is a key characteristic of homogeneous mixtures?
What is a key characteristic of homogeneous mixtures?
Which statement is true regarding the preparation of supersaturated solutions?
Which statement is true regarding the preparation of supersaturated solutions?
When a solution contains more solute than it should, what is this called?
When a solution contains more solute than it should, what is this called?
Which factor affects the rate of solubility by increasing the interaction frequency between solvent and solute particles?
Which factor affects the rate of solubility by increasing the interaction frequency between solvent and solute particles?
What is true about an unsaturated solution?
What is true about an unsaturated solution?
How does particle size influence solubility?
How does particle size influence solubility?
Which saturation type represents a solution containing more solute than can normally be dissolved at a given temperature?
Which saturation type represents a solution containing more solute than can normally be dissolved at a given temperature?
What is the impact of increased temperature on the dissolution of solids in a solvent?
What is the impact of increased temperature on the dissolution of solids in a solvent?
What type of mixture is formed when a solute is completely dissolved in a solvent?
What type of mixture is formed when a solute is completely dissolved in a solvent?
Which of the following factors does NOT significantly affect the rate of solubility?
Which of the following factors does NOT significantly affect the rate of solubility?
In a saturated solution, which of the following statements is true?
In a saturated solution, which of the following statements is true?
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Study Notes
Solutions Overview
- Solutions are homogeneous mixtures composed of solutes dissolved in solvents, resulting in a single-phase system.
- Examples of solutions include air (gaseous), seawater (liquid), and alloys (solid).
Solution Types
- Unsaturated Solution: Can still dissolve additional solute; contains less solute than its capacity.
- Saturated Solution: Contains the maximum amount of solute possible at a given temperature; results in the presence of undissolved solutes.
- Supersaturated Solution: Contains more solute than is possible under normal conditions; created by heating a saturated solution and carefully cooling it.
Properties of Solutions
- Solutions are homogeneous with particles less than 1 nm in diameter, invisible to the naked eye.
- Solute particles do not scatter light; therefore, the solution remains clear.
- Solutions are stable and their components cannot be separated through filtration.
Solubility
- Defined as the maximum amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solvent.
- Factors affecting solubility include:
- Particle Size: Smaller particles dissolve faster due to higher surface area.
- Temperature: Increased temperature enhances solubility as molecules move more rapidly, increasing interactions.
- Agitation: Stirring or shaking promotes quicker dissolution by bringing fresh solvent to solute surfaces.
Types of Saturation
- Unsaturated: Less solute than the solvent can hold; no undissolved solute present.
- Saturated: Maximum solute dissolved; undissolved solid may be present.
- Supersaturated: More solute than usual for given conditions; can crystallize upon disturbance.
Example of Solution Formation
- Orange juice powder mixed with water forms an orange juice solution.
Key Takeaways
- To achieve effective dissolution, consider the particle size, temperature, and agitation of the solution.
- Understanding the different saturation levels helps predict how solute will behave in various circumstances.
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