Chemistry Chapter on Ionic Compounds
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following non-metals has a charge of 2-?

  • SO4 (correct)
  • Cl
  • O (correct)
  • Br

    • Sodium (Na) is a non-metal.

    False

    What charge does calcium (Ca) typically have in ionic compounds?

    2+

    The formula for the ammonium ion is ______.

    <p>NH4+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following metals with their typical charges:

    <p>Cu(I) = 1+ Fe(II) = 2+ Al = 3+ Zn = 2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a physical state of substances that has a high melting and boiling point?

    <p>Solids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sodium chloride can conduct electricity when it is solid.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are metals generally considered to be good conductors of electricity?

    <p>Metals have free-moving electrons that facilitate the flow of electrical current.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Sodium chloride has __________ solubility in water.

    <p>good with exceptions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following substances with their respective solubility in non-polar solvents:

    <p>Sodium chloride = Poor Methane = Good Copper sulfate = None Ethanol = None</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds will only conduct electricity when molten or in aqueous solution?

    <p>Sodium chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Aluminium bronze has lower resistance to corrosion than pure copper.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows metals to be ductile?

    <p>The ability of atoms to slide past each other without breaking bonds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond involves the transfer of electrons from metal to non-metal?

    <p>Ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Covalent compounds generally have high melting and boiling points.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is formed when substances combine with oxygen?

    <p>Oxidised substances</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ionic compounds are solid at room temperature and have _____ melting and boiling points.

    <p>high</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following properties with the correct type of bond:

    <p>High melting points = Ionic Compound Low melting points = Covalent Compound Charges present = Ionic Compound No charges = Covalent Compound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following describes the structure of ionic compounds?

    <p>Crystal lattice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ionic compounds can conduct electricity in their solid state.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the weak forces of attraction between molecules in covalent compounds called?

    <p>Intermolecular forces</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ionic compounds are usually soluble in water unless they _____ with the water.

    <p>react</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds contains calcium?

    <p>Calcium oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Only non-metal atoms can form covalent bonds.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron structure of hydrogen?

    <p>1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a fluorine molecule (F2), two fluorine atoms share __________ electrons.

    <p>two</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following chemical compounds with their formula:

    <p>Calcium chloride = CaCl2 Copper (II) nitrate = Cu(NO3)2 Zinc nitrate = Zn(NO3)2 Sodium hydroxide = NaOH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of covalent bonds?

    <p>Sharing of electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a covalent bond, atoms are held together by the attraction of electrons to their nuclei.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many outer electrons are in a fluorine atom?

    <p>7</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the tests described in the document?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The appearance of substances can provide information about the arrangement of their particles.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What suggestion is made regarding the melting points of substances in relation to their bonding?

    <p>Higher melting points suggest stronger bonds between particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If a solid substance conducts electricity, this indicates that the particles are ______.

    <p>charged or mobile</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is used to test the solubility of a substance?

    <p>Beakers with water and propanone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following properties with their corresponding tests:

    <p>Appearance = Color and state Conductivity = Electricity flow Melting point = Heat application Solubility = Dissolving in solvent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Water is considered a good solvent for all substances.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The outcome of whether a solution conducts electricity can indicate the presence of ______ in the solution.

    <p>ions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molar mass of magnesium nitrate, Mg(NO3)2?

    <p>148 g/mole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The molar mass of water is 24 g/mole.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating the number of moles from mass and molar mass?

    <p>Moles = mass / molar mass</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The molar mass of copper (II) oxide, CuO, is _____ g/mole.

    <p>79.5</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following compounds with their molar masses:

    <p>Copper (II) Sulphate = 160 g/mole Zinc Carbonate = 125 g/mole Ammonium Carbonate = 96 g/mole Sulphur Trioxide = 80 g/mole</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many moles are in 40 g of copper (II) sulphate, CuSO4?

    <p>0.5 moles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An ionic compound generally has higher melting points compared to covalent compounds.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If you have 0.1 moles of sulphur trioxide, what mass do you have?

    <p>8 g</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Bonding

    • Ionic Bonding: Ionic bonds form between oppositely charged ions. Positive ions (cations) and negative ions (anions) attract each other due to electrostatic forces creating a giant lattice structure. Common examples involve metals from Groups I and VII.
    • Properties of Ionic Compounds:
      • High melting and boiling points due to strong electrostatic forces.
      • Good electrical conductivity in molten or aqueous states, but poor in solid state (ions are fixed in place).
      • Generally soluble in water.
    • Covalent Bonding: Covalent bonds form when atoms share electron pairs to achieve a stable electron configuration (similar to noble gases). The shared electrons are attracted to the nuclei of both atoms, holding them together. This type of bonding occurs in simple molecules.
    • Properties of Simple Molecular Compounds:
      • Low melting and boiling points due to weak intermolecular forces.
      • Poor electrical conductivity in all states due to no mobile charge carriers.
    • Giant Covalent Structures: Giant covalent structures are formed when atoms are covalently bonded together in a continuous network.
      Diamond (hard and high melting point) and graphite (soft and lubricant) are examples of such structures.
    • Metallic Bonding: Positive metal ions are held in a lattice surrounded by a 'sea' of delocalized electrons. These mobile electrons allows for good electrical and thermal conductivity, ductility and malleability, as well as high melting points.
    • Formulas: Chemical formulas represent the ratio of atoms in a molecule (simple molecular) or the relative numbers of ions (ionic). Use valencies to obtain the correct formula.

    Formulas

    • Chemical formulas represent the ratio of atoms in a molecule (simple molecular) or the relative numbers of ions (ionic).
    • Use valencies to obtain the correct formula. The charges will cancel out.

    Relative Atomic Mass

    • Defined as the average mass of atoms of an element compared to 1/12th the mass of a carbon-12 atom.

    Redox

    • Oxidation: Gain of oxygen/loss of electrons, an increase in oxidation number.
    • Reduction: Loss of oxygen/gain of electrons, a decrease in oxidation number.
    • Redox reactions involve both oxidation and reduction occurring simultaneously.

    Moles

    • A mole is a unit of measurement for the amount of substance (6.02 x 10²³ particles).
    • Molar mass is the mass of one mole of a substance in grams.
    • The molar mass of a compound equals the sum of the relative atomic masses (Ar) of the component atoms.
    • Moles = mass / molar mass

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on ionic compounds and their properties with this comprehensive quiz. Questions cover charges, conductivity, solubility, and bonding types relevant to non-metals and metals. Ideal for students studying chemistry topics related to ionic and covalent compounds.

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