Chemistry Chapter: Ionic Compounds and Reactions
29 Questions
0 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is the balanced reaction when Iron (III) chloride reacts with sodium hydroxide?

  • FeCl3 (aq) + NaOH (aq) ==> Fe(OH)3 (s) + NaCl (aq)
  • FeCl3 (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) ==> Fe(OH)3 (s) + 2NaCl (aq)
  • FeCl3 (aq) + 4NaOH (aq) ==> Fe(OH)3 (s) + 4NaCl (aq)
  • FeCl3 (aq) + 3NaOH (aq) ==> Fe(OH)3 (s) + 3NaCl (aq) (correct)

    • What is the correct name for FeBr2?

  • iron (III) bromide
  • ferric bromide
  • iron (II) bromide (correct)
  • ferrous bromide

    • What is the formula for sodium phosphate when sodium ion (Na+) and phosphate ion (PO4-3) combine?

  • Na4PO3
  • NaPO4
  • Na2PO4
  • Na3PO4 (correct)

    • How should the formula of Lead (IV) phosphate be written?

    <p>Pb3(PO4)4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For the compound formed from NH4+ and N3-, which formula is correct?

    <p>(NH4)3N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical behavior of ionic compounds when dissolved in water?

    <p>They conduct electricity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following correctly names the negative ion formed from nitrogen?

    <p>Nitride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the formulas of ionic compounds determined?

    <p>By balancing the charges of the ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following pairs forms the ionic compound represented by the formula NaF?

    <p>Sodium and fluorine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ions is always +2 in charge?

    <p>Zinc (Zn)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for the ionic compound that forms from Ba2+ and Cl-?

    <p>BaCl2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the endings of negative ions when naming them?

    <p>They are changed to –ide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a polyatomic ion?

    <p>Chlorate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for the ionic compound formed by Na+ and S2-?

    <p>Na2S</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using the drop and swap method, what is the formula for Aluminum Oxide?

    <p>Al2O3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which formula correctly represents Magnesium Hydroxide?

    <p>Mg(OH)2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final formula for Calcium Phosphate after applying the drop and swap method?

    <p>Ca3(PO4)2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Using the drop and swap method, what is the correct formula for Magnesium Oxide?

    <p>MgO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct formula for Ammonium Chloride?

    <p>NH4Cl</p> Signup and view all the answers

    After applying the drop and swap method, what is the formula for Calcium Sulfate?

    <p>CaSO4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the final balanced formula for the ionic compound formed from NH4+ and PO4-3?

    <p>(NH4)3PO4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name for the compound KBr?

    <p>potassium bromide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How should the compound FeCl3 be correctly named?

    <p>iron (III) chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the required information to name transition metals with variable charges?

    <p>A Roman numeral to indicate the charge</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds contains iron with a +2 charge?

    <p>FeS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is the correct name for Al2O3?

    <p>aluminum oxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    For which of these compounds must a Roman numeral be used in its name?

    <p>PbCl2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the correct name for the ion Cu+?

    <p>copper (I) ion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of bond is formed between the ions in NaCl?

    <p>ionic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ionic Compounds

    • Ionic compounds are also known as salts.
    • They are typically hard and brittle.
    • They conduct electricity when molten or dissolved.
    • Ionic compounds have very high melting and boiling points.
    • Most ionic compounds are soluble in water.
    • They are usually composed of at least one metal and one nonmetal.

    Monatomic Ions

    • A table lists common simple cations and anions, including their formulas and names.
      • Examples: Hydrogen (H+), lithium (Li+), sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), cesium (Cs+), Beryllium (Be2+), Magnesium (Mg2+), Calcium (Ca2+), Barium (Ba2+), Aluminum (Al3+), and Silver (Ag+).
      • Examples: Hydride (H-), fluoride (F-), chloride (Cl-), bromide (Br-), iodide (I-), oxide (O-), sulfide (S2-).

    Predicting Charges on Monatomic Ions

    • A periodic table diagram shows the common charges for monatomic ions.
    • Metals generally form cations.
    • Nonmetals generally form anions.
    • The charges of elements are displayed according to their group number on the periodic table
    • The general rule for predicting the charge of a metal or a nonmetal is known as the octet rule.

    Naming Positive Ions

    • To name a positive ion, use the element's name. For most elements, group 1, group 2, aluminum, zinc, cadmium, and silver, the numerical charge isn't shown.
      • Examples: Sodium, magnesium, aluminum, zinc, cadmium, and silver.

    Naming Negative Ions

    • The ending of negative ions is changed to "-ide".
      • Examples: Oxide, fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, nitride, and chloride.

    Polyatomic Ions

    • A table lists common polyatomic ions, including their formulas and names.
      • Examples: Acetate (C₂H₃O₂⁻), Carbonate (CO₃²⁻), Chlorate (ClO₃⁻), Cyanide (CN⁻), Hydroxide (OH⁻), Nitrate (NO₃⁻), Nitrite (NO₂⁻), Peroxide (O₂²⁻), Phosphate (PO₄³⁻), Sulfate (SO₄²⁻), Sulfite (SO₃²⁻), and Ammonium (NH₄⁺).

    Formulas of Ionic Compounds

    • The formula of an ionic compound is determined by balancing the charges of the cation(s) and anion(s).
    • The numbers are written as subscripts in the ionic compound formula.
    • The total positive charge balances the total negative charge.
    • Examples:
      • Sodium fluoride (NaF: 1+ and 1-)
      • Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃: 3+ and 2- )
      • Calcium chloride (CaCl₂: 2+ and 1-).

    Writing Formulas for Ionic Compounds

    • The formulas for ionic compounds can be written by balancing the charges of the ions.

    Balancing Formulas by Math

    • Every ionic compound has a total charge of zero.
    • Examples: Barium fluoride (BaF₂) and Magnesium oxide (MgO)

    Another Way — Drop, Swap, Reduce

    • A method to find the formula of an ionic compound, balancing the positive and negative charges:
    • "Drop and swap" method means write the number of the positive ion charge as the number of the negative ion and viceversa.
    • Reduce to lowest terms
      • Examples: Aluminum oxide (Al₂O₃), Magnesium oxide (MgO), Magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂), Calcium sulfate (CaSO₄), calcium phosphate (Ca₃(PO₄)₂), ammonium phosphate ((NH₄)₃PO₄) , ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl).

    Transition Metals

    • Transition metals can have multiple positive charges, thus require numbers in parenthesis to indicate the numerical charge: Roman Numerals
    • Transition metal elements are usually found in Groups 3 through 12 of the periodic table.
    • Examples: iron (Fe), copper(Cu), cobalt (Co), Manganese (Mn) can have +2 or +3 or even more numerical charge.

    Names of Variable Ions

    • Elements that need roman numerals to name them, because they can have more than one possible charge.

    Transition Metals with Different Charges

    • Elements with multiple possible charges (like iron, copper, cobalt, and manganese) require Roman numerals in their names.
    • Examples: Iron (II) chloride and Iron (III) chloride
    • Examples showing cupric (2+) and cuprous (1+) charges for copper and their formulas.

    A Typical Exam Question

    • Balancing a chemical equation demonstrating the reaction between iron(II) chloride (or iron (III) chloride) and sodium hydroxide to form iron(II) or iron(III) hydroxide and sodium chloride.

    Learning Check

    • Questions in tables that show formulas of ionic compounds and to identify the correct formula to specific elements and charges.

    Naming Compounds

    • To name binary ionic compounds, use the cation first (positive ion), then the anion (negative ion).
      • Give the name of the metal (e.g., calcium).
      • Add "-ide" to the root name of the nonmetal (e.g., chloride).
    • Examples showing formulas and names of binary ionic compounds: NaCl, ZnI2, Al2O3, etc

    Learning Check

    • Compound name questions
    • Using appropriate nomenclature rules to identify the naming scheme for the compounds given

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Related Documents

    Week 08 Naming of ionic compounds.ppt PDF

    Description

    Test your knowledge on the formulation and naming of ionic compounds, including reactions involving Iron (III) chloride and sodium hydroxide. This quiz covers the correct chemical formulas and names for various compounds, enhancing your understanding of ionic reactions.

    More Like This

    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser