Chemistry Chapter 7 Ionic Compounds Flashcards
42 Questions
100 Views

Choose a study mode

Play Quiz
Study Flashcards
Spaced Repetition
Chat to lesson

Podcast

Play an AI-generated podcast conversation about this lesson

Questions and Answers

What is a valence electron?

  • An electron that is completely removed from the atom
  • An electron in a filled subshell
  • An electron in the highest occupied energy level of an atom (correct)
  • The electron closest to the nucleus

    • What is the Octet Rule?

    Atoms react so as to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas.

    What is an electron dot structure?

    A depiction of valence electrons around the symbol of an element.

    What is a halide ion?

    <p>An anion of chlorine or other halogen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an ionic bond?

    <p>The force of attraction binding oppositely charged ions together.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a metallic bond?

    <p>The attraction of valence electrons for metal ions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a coordination number?

    <p>The number of ions of opposite charge surrounding each ion in a crystal.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many valence electrons are in an atom of carbon?

    <p>4</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many valence electrons are in an atom of magnesium?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many valence electrons does a helium atom have?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many valence electrons are in a neon atom?

    <p>8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name given to the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an atom?

    <p>Valence electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does calcium obey the octet rule when reacting to form compounds?

    <p>It gives up electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron configuration of the calcium ion?

    <p>(18) 1s^2, 2s^2, 2p^6, 3s^2, 3p^6</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge on the barium ion?

    <p>2+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The octet rule states that, in chemical compounds, atoms tend to have ______.

    <p>The electron configuration of a noble gas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many electrons does barium have to give up to achieve a noble-gas electron configuration?

    <p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula of the ion formed when potassium achieves noble-gas electron configuration?

    <p>K+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements does NOT form an ion with a charge of 1+?

    <p>Fluorine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many electrons does phosphorus gain in order to achieve a noble-gas electron configuration?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula of the ion formed when phosphorus achieves a noble-gas electron configuration?

    <p>P^3-</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron configuration of the iodine ion?

    <p>1s^2, 2s^2, 2p^6, 3s^2, 3p^6, 3d^10, 4s^2, 4p^6, 4d^10, 5s^2, 5p^6.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following occurs in an ionic bond?

    <p>Oppositely charged ions attract.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A compound held together by ionic bonds is called a ____.

    <p>Salt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is true about an ionic compound?

    <p>All of the above.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula unit of sodium nitride?

    <p>Na3N</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula unit of aluminum oxide?

    <p>Al2O3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the ionic compound formed from lithium and bromine?

    <p>Lithium bromide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for sodium sulfate?

    <p>Na2(SO4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following compounds has the formula KNO3?

    <p>Potassium nitride.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Ionic compounds are normally in which physical state at room temperature?

    <p>Solid.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Under what conditions can potassium bromide conduct electricity?

    <p>Only when melted or dissolved in water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most ionic compounds?

    <p>They have low melting points.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    An ionic bond is a bond between ______.

    <p>A cation and an anion.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write the formula for the compound barium oxide.

    <p>BaO.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write the formula for the compound rubidium phosphide.

    <p>Rb3P.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Write the formula for the compound boron chloride.

    <p>BCl3.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many valence electrons are in rubidium?

    <ol> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    How many valence electrons are in bromine?

    <ol start="7"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the charge of a particle having 9 protons and 10 electrons?

    <p>1-.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many electrons does a gallium atom give up when it becomes an ion?

    <ol start="3"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the coordination number of both ions in the cesium chloride crystal?

    <ol start="8"> <li></li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Ionic Compounds and Their Properties

    • Valence Electron: Electrons located in the highest occupied energy level of an atom, critical for chemical bonding.
    • Octet Rule: Atoms strive to attain a stable electron configuration similar to noble gases, typically involving eight electrons in their outer shell.
    • Electron Dot Structure: Visual representation showing valence electrons around an element's symbol, useful for predicting bonding behavior.

    Types of Bonds

    • Ionic Bond: Attractive force between oppositely charged ions, forming a stable ionic compound.
    • Metallic Bond: Occurs between metal ions and their mobile valence electrons, contributing to metal properties like conductivity.

    Ions and Their Charges

    • Halide Ion: Anions formed from halogens such as chlorine, with a charge of -1.
    • Coordination Number: Indicates how many oppositely charged ions surround a particular ion in a crystal lattice, affecting ionic solid properties.

    Valence Electrons and Noble Gas Configuration

    • Carbon: Contains 4 valence electrons, forming various compounds.
    • Magnesium: Has 2 valence electrons, tends to lose them to achieve stability.
    • Helium: Possesses 2 valence electrons, indicative of its noble gas status.
    • Neon: Holds 8 valence electrons, fulfilling the octet rule.

    Ionic Compounds Formulation

    • Barium Ion Charge: Barium forms a cation with a charge of +2, having given up 2 electrons.
    • Potassium Ion: K+ forms when potassium achieves a noble gas configuration by losing one electron.
    • Phosphorus: Gains 3 electrons to form a P^3- ion, achieving stability.

    Common Ionic Compounds

    • Sodium Nitride: Its formula is Na3N, illustrates the stoichiometry in ionic bonds.
    • Aluminum Oxide: Formula is Al2O3, demonstrating aluminum combining with oxide ions.
    • Lithium Bromide: Ionic compound formed from the reaction of lithium and bromine.

    Properties of Ionic Compounds

    • Physical State at Room Temperature: Ionic compounds typically exist as solids, forming a crystalline structure.
    • Conductivity: Ionic compounds conduct electricity when melted or dissolved in water due to the mobility of ions.
    • Melting Points: Generally, ionic compounds have high melting points, contrary to substances with low melting points.

    Interactions and Characteristics

    • Ionic Bond Details: Formed between a cation (positively charged ion) and an anion (negatively charged ion).
    • Cesium Chloride Crystal: Both ions have a coordination number of 8, impacting the compound's stability.

    Additional Key Points

    • Rubidium and Bromine Valence Electrons: Rubidium has 1 valence electron, while bromine has 7.
    • Gallium Ion Formation: Gallium loses 3 electrons when it becomes an ion.
    • Charge Calculation: An entity with 9 protons and 10 electrons has a net charge of -1.

    Studying That Suits You

    Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

    Quiz Team

    Description

    Test your knowledge of ionic compounds with these flashcards covering key terms and concepts from Chapter 7. Each flashcard features a vocabulary word along with its definition to enhance your understanding of the topic. Perfect for revision and quick learning!

    More Like This

    Lewis Dot Diagrams and Naming Ionic Compounds Quiz
    9 questions

    Lewis Dot Diagrams and Naming Ionic Compounds Quiz

    ExceptionalCoconutTree avatar
    ExceptionalCoconutTree
    Properties of Ionic Compounds
    4 questions

    Properties of Ionic Compounds

    InvulnerableGold2463 avatar
    InvulnerableGold2463
    Science Chapter 4.2 Flashcards
    18 questions

    Science Chapter 4.2 Flashcards

    DivineCopper avatar
    DivineCopper
    Chemistry Compounds Quiz
    32 questions

    Chemistry Compounds Quiz

    ReadyAwareness980 avatar
    ReadyAwareness980
    Use Quizgecko on...
    Browser
    Open
    Browser
    Browser