Chemistry Chapter 5 Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are energy levels?

A region of space for electrons

The fixed energies an electron can have (correct)

The energy needed to move an electron

The arrangement of electrons in an atom

What is a quantum?

The amount of energy needed to move an electron from one energy level to another

What is the quantum mechanical model?

The modern description of the electrons in atoms

What is an atomic orbital?

A region of space in which there is a high probability of finding an electron Signup and view all the answers

What are electron configurations?

The ways in which electrons are arranged in various orbitals around the nuclei of atoms Signup and view all the answers

What is the Aufbau principle?

The rule that electrons occupy the orbitals of lowest energy first Signup and view all the answers

What does the Pauli exclusion principle state?

An atomic orbital may describe at most two electrons, each with opposite spin direction Signup and view all the answers

What is Hund's rule?

Electrons occupy orbitals of the same energy in a way that makes the number of electrons with the same spin direction as large as possible Signup and view all the answers

What is amplitude in terms of waves?

The height of a wave's crest Signup and view all the answers

What is wavelength?

The distance between crests of waves Signup and view all the answers

What is frequency?

The number of occurrences within a given time period (usually 1 second) Signup and view all the answers

What is Hertz?

The unit of frequency Signup and view all the answers

What is electromagnetic radiation?

Radiation consisting of waves of energy associated with electric and magnetic fields resulting from the acceleration of an electric charge Signup and view all the answers

What is a spectrum?

Colored band produced when a beam of light passes through a prism Signup and view all the answers

What is the atomic emission spectrum?

The frequencies of light emitted by an element separate into discrete lines Signup and view all the answers

What is ground state?

(Physics) the lowest energy state of an atom or other particle Signup and view all the answers

What are photons?

Light quanta Signup and view all the answers

What is the Heisenberg uncertainty principle?

It is impossible to know exactly both the velocity and the position of a particle at the same time Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Energy Levels

Fixed energies that electrons can possess within an atom.

Quantum

The specific energy required to transition an electron between energy levels.

Quantum Mechanical Model

Represents the modern understanding of electron behavior in atoms, focusing on probabilities rather than precise paths.

Atomic Orbital

A space region with a high likelihood of locating an electron, shaped by the quantum mechanical model.

Electron Configurations

Represents the arrangement of electrons across different orbitals in relation to atomic nuclei.

Aufbau Principle

States that electrons fill lower-energy orbitals before higher-energy ones.

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Limits each atomic orbital to a maximum of two electrons, which must have opposite spin directions.

Hund's Rule

Dictates that electrons will fill degenerate orbitals (orbitals with the same energy) singly and with the same spin as much as possible before pairing.

Amplitude

Measures the height of a wave's crest, indicating energy level of the wave.

Wavelength

Defines the distance between successive crests of waves, relevant in understanding the electromagnetic spectrum.

Frequency

Refers to the number of wave occurrences per second, a crucial concept in wave behavior.

Hertz

The standard unit of measurement for frequency, representing cycles per second.

Electromagnetic Radiation

Comprises energy waves associated with electric and magnetic fields, generated by accelerating electric charges.

Spectrum

The range of colors produced when light is refracted through a prism, illustrating the separation of different wavelengths.

Atomic Emission Spectrum

The unique frequencies emitted by an element, revealing discrete lines that correspond to specific energy changes of electrons.

Ground State

The lowest energy status of an atom, where electrons are in their most stable configuration.

Photons

The fundamental particles of light, representing discrete packets of energy.

Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle

States the fundamental limit on measuring exact values of a particle's position and velocity simultaneously.

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Description

Test your knowledge of key concepts in Chemistry Chapter 5, which focuses on electrons in atoms. This quiz features essential terms such as energy levels and the quantum mechanical model. Perfect for reinforcing your understanding of atomic structure.