Chemistry Chapter 2 Quiz

Pre-Comprehensive Study Guide Directions

• Print name and element on the page.
• Pre-Comprehensive Periodic Table is in the packet.
• Scientific calculator and periodic table allowed during the exam. Ensure familiarity with calculator and table use.
• Study guide divided into two sections: Key Topics to Review (pages 3-10) and Practice Problems (pages 11-25).
• Key Topics is a review of major points from class notes; more in-depth review of notes recommended for confidence.
• Practice Problems provide examples of potential pre-comp exam questions.

Helpful Reminders

• Read entire study guide before beginning work.
• Prioritize studying weakest topics (allocate ~20 minutes nightly).
• Attend study sessions for questions.
• Annotate the guide (highlighting important concepts, noting points for review in notes).
• Utilize previous worksheets, tests, and Do Now assignments.

Lab Safety Rules and Key Topics to Review

• Read lab assignments and perform pre-lab assignments before the experiment.
• Be aware of potential risks (e.g., flammability, toxicity).
• Maintain a clean and clear work area.
• Carefully handle glassware and heating sources.
• No horseplay to avoid accidents.
• Do not eat or drink in the lab.
• Inform teacher of spills or breakages immediately.
• Never dispose of chemicals down the sink without specific instruction.
• Chemical exposure prevention involves three pathways: absorption, ingestion, and inhalation. Methods to mitigate chemical exposure include: wearing protective eyewear, avoiding contact lenses in lab, wearing closed-toe shoes, tying back hair, wearing gloves, and wearing long sleeves/pants.
• Be able to identify Globally Harmonized Safety (GHS) Symbols.

Key Topics to Review (cont'd)

• National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) Labels: Understand the meaning of the colors on NFPA labels (blue - health hazard, yellow - reactivity, red - flammability, white - special warning). Know the meaning of COR and W in NFPA labels. Learn what each number on the label means in terms of hazard levels.
• Emergency Equipment: Be familiar with the functions and circumstances of using fire extinguishers, fire blankets, fire alarms, gas shutoffs, safety showers, fume hoods, and eyewash stations.
• Lab Tools: Know the purpose and identification of various lab tools (mass balance, graduated cylinder, Erlenmeyer flask, beaker, test tube, volumetric flask, Bunsen burner, hot plate, watch glass, pipette, funnel, thermometer).
• Unit Conversions: Be able to convert units involving prefixes (e.g., kilo-, deca-, milli-) to base units and vice versa. Also, conversion between different prefixed units.

SI Units and Chemistry Units

• Know SI units (kilogram, meters, meters cubed, seconds, Kelvin).
• Know common chemistry units (grams, milliliters, centimeters cubed, Kelvin, Celsius).

Accuracy vs. Precision

• Accuracy: hits the mark even if not consistent
• Precision: shows consistency but isn't necessarily accurate

Measuring Volume Precisely

• Understand how to measure volumes using lab tools and the concept of the meniscus.

Density

• Understand the relationship between mass, volume, and density.
• Calculating density from two of the three variables correctly.
• Identifying the substance with greater/lesser density will sink/float.

Archimedes Principle & Displacement

• Calculate the volume, density, or mass of an object using Archimedes Principle (Vobject = Vfinal – Vinitial).

Classifying Matter

• Classifying substances (element, compound, heterogeneous/homogeneous mixture).
• Identifying different parts of mixtures: solute, solvent
• Understanding compounds and mixtures
• Separation techniques (filtration, evaporation, chromatography, decantation).

States of Matter

• Compare and contrast solids, liquids, and gases in terms of energy, movement, shape, and volume.
• Identify the states of matter using diagrams.
• Understand phase changes.

Physical vs. Chemical Changes

• Identify physical (extensive/intensive properties, phase change) and chemical changes.

Atomic Structure

• Understand the properties of subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons, isotopes).
• Understand how to calculate mass, valence electrons and charge of atoms.
• Classifying metals, nonmetals, metalloids in the periodic table.
• Understand periodic trends related to rows (periods) and columns (groups) of elements.
• Understand nuclear notation for representing elements, isotopes, and ions.

Families of the Periodic Table

• Identify elements in Alkali Metals, Alkaline Earth Metals, Transition Metals, Halogens, and Noble Gases families.
• Identify Metalloids (families including B, Si, Ge, As, Sb, Te, and Po).
• Predict the properties of elements, based on their location in the table.

Electronic Configuration of Atoms

• Identify the number of valence electrons in an atom.
• Define the most likely charge that an element's ion will assume.
• Determine whether the ion will be a cation or anion.
• Write standard and shorthand notation electron configuration of elements (e.g. standard notation CI: 1s22s22p63s²3p5 and shorthand notation CI: [Ne]3s23p5).

Ionic Bonding

• Naming and writing the chemical formulas of ionic compounds.

Covalent Bonding

• Naming and writing the chemical formulas of covalent compounds.

Lewis Structures

• Draw Lewis dot structures for elements/compounds using correct configurations.

Unit 1: Laboratory Safety, Measurement, and Significant Figures

• Identifying hazards / Lab safety.
• Precision in measuring using lab equipment.
• Calculating using significant figures.

Unit 2 & 3: Types, Properties, and States of Matter

• Classifying matter (solids, liquids, gases).
• Distinguishing properties of states of matter.
• Understanding different types of matter (pure substances, mixtures, elements, compounds).

Unit 4: The Periodic Table

• Identifying and filling in characteristics of different elements.

Unit 5: Chemical Bonding

• Identifying types of bonds (ionic, covalent), and chemical formulas.