Chemistry Chapter 2: Atomic Structure Quiz

<p>Isotopes of the same element have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>18 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>14 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>32 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>59 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>207 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>18 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen trichloride (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Tri- (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>B2O3 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hydro- and the nonmetallic element with -ic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Omit 'hydrogen' and use the root name of the anion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The prefix tri- is used for four atoms. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-ic (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NCl3 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>+1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Nitrogen (N) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>18 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms gain or lose electrons. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Potassium atom loses 1 electron to achieve a stable octet. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>MgCl2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Number of protons and neutrons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Polyatomic ions are groups of atoms bonded together with a net electrical charge. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It determines the atom's identity. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It loses electrons. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygen (O) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>-1 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>S2- (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atoms have a neutral charge, while ions have either a positive or negative charge. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Because of the existence of isotopes. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>35.45 amu (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>35Cl (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>35 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomic mass is the average mass of all isotopes of an element, while mass number is the sum of protons and neutrons in a specific isotope. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>39.89 % (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Calculate the weighted average mass of all isotopes of an element (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The abundance of the second isotope (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The number of protons in an atom, defining the element.

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

A one- or two-letter representation of an element.

Atoms of the same element with different mass numbers due to differing neutrons.

Use the atomic number to find the element on the periodic table.

Carbon has a mass of approximately 12.0107 due to protons and neutrons.

Ions are charged particles formed when atoms gain or lose electrons.

Cations are positively charged ions with fewer electrons than protons.

Sodium (Na+) and Calcium (Ca2+) are examples of cations after electron loss.

Anions are negatively charged ions with more electrons than protons.

Anions are named by changing the ending to -ide (e.g., fluoride from fluorine).

Sodium ion (Na+) has 11 protons and 10 electrons due to losing one electron.

Fluoride ion (F−) has 9 protons and 10 electrons due to gaining one electron.

Positively charged particles in an atom's nucleus.

Neutral particles in an atom's nucleus; no charge.

Negatively charged particles orbiting the nucleus.

Total number of protons and neutrons in an atom.

A way to represent isotopes with mass and atomic number.

Number of protons in an atom, defines the element.

Neutrons = mass number - atomic number (protons).

The number of protons defines the element and its identity.

Iron in Fe3+ has 23 electrons due to its +3 charge.

The weighted average of an element's isotopes based on their abundance.

Mass number is total nucleons, atomic mass is the weighted average of isotopes.

For Cl, atomic mass = (0.7577 x 34.97) + (0.2423 x 36.97).

Ga-69 and Ga-71 are isotopes with different masses; use known atomic mass to find unknown.

The relative percentage of each isotope found in nature.

Composed of two or more nonmetals bonded together.

Indicates nine atoms present in a molecular compound.

Indicates ten atoms present in a molecular compound.

Called nitrogen trichloride; 'tri' indicates three chlorines.

Formula is B2O3; uses prefixes as subscripts.

Acids with only two elements, often containing hydrogen and a nonmetal.

Acids with hydrogen, oxygen, and another element, named from their anions.

Example of a binary acid; HCl when dissolved in water.

Atoms gaining or losing electrons, becoming charged particles called ions.

Elements in the s and p blocks that tend to form stable ions by gaining or losing electrons.

Elements that can form multiple charges and are less predictable in ion formation.

Charged groups of atoms that bond together, acting as single ions.

A bond formed through the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, creating ions that attract each other.

The electron arrangement of noble gases that main group elements aim to achieve through ion formation.