Chemistry Chapter 12: Mixtures and Separation Techniques

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Questions and Answers

What defines a mixture?

  • A solution where one substance completely dissolves in another.
  • Two or more elements combined chemically.
  • A single substance that cannot be separated into its components.
  • Two or more substances mixed together without chemical bonding. (correct)

Which method is used to separate liquids that do not mix together?

  • Filtration
  • Sieving
  • Evaporation
  • Decanting (correct)

What is the residue in a filtration process?

  • The liquid that passes through the filter paper.
  • The mixture before filtration.
  • The smaller particles that pass through the filter.
  • The solid that remains on the filter paper. (correct)

What happens to particles in a suspension when allowed to settle?

<p>They settle to the bottom as sediment. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes sieving?

<p>Separating materials by their particle sizes. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of evaporation in separating mixtures?

<p>To remove soluble solids from a liquid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component is NOT necessary for the distillation process?

<p>Chromatography paper (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the Liebig condenser in distillation?

<p>To cool the gas back into a liquid (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a chromatogram represent?

<p>The pattern of separation of substances from a mixture (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes boiling in contrast to evaporation?

<p>Boiling changes the entire volume of the liquid into gas at once (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of mixture components does chromatography primarily separate?

<p>Different substances based on rate of travel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What material is used as the absorbent in paper chromatography?

<p>Chromatography paper (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the boiling point affect the separation in distillation?

<p>Lower boiling point liquids evaporate first (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Compound

Two or more elements chemically combined.

Mixture

Two or more substances physically mixed, not bonded.

Decanting

Separating liquids by pouring off the top layer.

Filtration

Separating a solid from a liquid using filter paper.

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Sieving

Separating materials by size using a sieve.

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Evaporation

Separating a soluble solid from a liquid by heating to vaporize the liquid.

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Boiling

Liquid changing to gas throughout the liquid.

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Distillation

Separating liquids based on different boiling points.

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Distillate

Liquid collected after condensation in distillation.

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Chromatography

Separating substances based on different travel speeds through an absorbent medium.

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Paper Chromatography

A method to separate components of a mixture using paper, solvent, and absorbent material.

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Chromatogram

Pattern resulting from separating substances in chromatography.

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Solvent

A liquid used to dissolve other substances during chromatography.

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