Questions and Answers
What is the definition of chemistry?
What is a chemical?
Any substance that has a definite composition.
What is mass?
A measure of the amount of matter.
What is matter?
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What is volume?
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What is an atom?
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What is an element?
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What is a compound?
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What are molecules?
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What is a property?
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What is an extensive property?
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What is an intensive property?
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What is a physical property?
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What is a physical change?
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What is a change of state?
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What is a solid?
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What is a liquid?
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What is a gas?
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What is a chemical property?
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What is a chemical change?
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What are reactants?
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What are products?
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What is energy?
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What is a mixture?
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What is a homogeneous mixture?
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What is a heterogeneous mixture?
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What is a pure substance?
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What is a group or family in the periodic table?
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What is a period in the periodic table?
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What are metals?
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What are nonmetals?
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What is a metalloid?
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What are noble gases?
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What is a precipitate?
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Study Notes
Key Concepts in Chemistry
- Chemistry: Study of the composition, structure, properties of matter, and changes it undergoes.
- Chemical: Any substance with a definite composition.
- Mass: Measurement of the amount of matter in a substance.
- Matter: Any material that has mass and occupies space.
- Volume: Amount of three-dimensional space occupied by an object.
Fundamental Particles and Substances
- Atom: Smallest unit of an element that retains its properties.
- Element: Pure substance consisting solely of one type of atom.
- Compound: Substances formed from two or more elements chemically bonded together.
- Molecules: Groups of two or more atoms covalently bonded.
Properties of Matter
- Property: Characteristic defining a group of substances.
- Extensive Property: Depends on the amount of matter present.
- Intensive Property: Does not depend on the amount of matter present.
- Physical Property: Observable or measurable characteristics without changing substance identity.
- Chemical Property: Relates to a substance's ability to undergo chemical changes.
Changes in Matter
- Physical Change: Change in a substance that does not alter its identity.
- Change of State: Physical change transitioning between states (solid, liquid, gas).
- Chemical Change: Transformation of substances into different substances.
States of Matter
- Solid: Definite shape and volume.
- Liquid: Definite volume but takes the shape of its container.
- Gas: No definite shape or volume; fills available space.
Reaction Components
- Reactants: Substances undergoing a chemical change.
- Products: Substances resulting from a chemical change.
Energy in Chemistry
- Energy: Capability to do work; linked to both physical and chemical changes.
Mixtures and Purity
- Mixture: Combination of two or more types of matter, each retaining its properties.
- Homogeneous Mixture: Uniform composition throughout.
- Heterogeneous Mixture: Composition varies throughout.
Classification of Matter
- Pure Substance: Homogeneous material with a fixed composition.
- Group (Family): Vertical columns in the periodic table.
- Period: Horizontal rows in the periodic table.
Elements Classification
- Metals: Shiny, ductile, malleable elements, and good conductors.
- Nonmetals: Brittle, dull elements that are poor conductors.
- Metalloids: Elements with properties of both metals and nonmetals.
- Noble Gases: Group 18 elements in the periodic table known for low reactivity.
Chemical Processes
- Precipitate: Solid formed from a solution during a chemical reaction.
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Description
Prepare for your Chemistry Chapter 1 test with these flashcards. Each card defines essential terms related to the composition, structure, and properties of matter. Use these to reinforce your understanding of fundamental chemistry concepts.