Chemistry: Atomic Structure and Reactions
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary taste characteristic of a base?

  • Sour
  • Bitter (correct)
  • Salty
  • Sweet

Acids and bases, when mixed, always produce carbon dioxide.

False (B)

What is the principle of conservation of mass?

Matter is neither created nor destroyed, only rearranged.

The organism responsible for photosynthesis converts water and carbon dioxide into blank and oxygen.

<p>sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following reactions with their corresponding products:

<p>Acid + Base = Salt + Water Acid + Metal = Hydrogen gas + Metal Salt Acid + Carbonate = Water + Carbon Dioxide + Salt</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes an exothermic reaction?

<p>Releases energy to surroundings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes the brain and spinal cord.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name the two systems responsible for regulating temperature in the body.

<p>Nervous system and endocrine system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Atomic Structure

The arrangement of protons, neutrons, and electrons within an atom, including the nucleus and electron shells.

Acid-Base properties

Acids taste sour, are corrosive, and release hydrogen ions (H+); bases taste bitter, feel soapy, and release hydroxide ions (OH-).

Chemical Equation

A representation of a chemical reaction using symbols for reactants and products.

Conservation of Mass

In a chemical reaction, the total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products; matter is neither created nor destroyed.

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Photosynthesis

The process in which plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose (sugar) and oxygen.

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Respiration

The process in which glucose (sugar) is broken down in the presence of oxygen to release energy, carbon dioxide, and water.

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Combustion Reaction

A chemical reaction that involves a hydrocarbon reacting with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water.

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Exothermic Reaction

A chemical reaction that releases energy to the surroundings.

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Study Notes

Atomic Structure and Properties

  • Draw the structure of an atom, including proton, neutron, electron locations and shells.
  • Use the periodic table to identify atomic number, atomic mass, and element symbol.
  • Know the properties of acids and bases, and identify indicators.

Acids and Bases

  • Bases: Taste bitter, feel soapy/slippery, contain hydroxide ions (OH⁻).
  • Acids: Taste sour, corrosive, contain hydrogen ions (H⁺).

Chemical Reactions

  • Write word equations for simple chemical reactions, identifying reactants and products.
  • Understand conservation of mass (matter is neither created nor destroyed).
  • Distinguish between exothermic and endothermic reactions (energy release vs. absorption).
  • Identify combustion reactions (hydrocarbon + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water).
  • Identify metal oxidation (metal + oxygen → metal oxide).

Chemical Equations and Reactions

  • Write word equations for chemical reactions, including acid-carbonate, acid-metal, acid-base reactions.

Biological Processes

  • Photosynthesis: Water + carbon dioxide + energy → sugar + water
  • Respiration: Oxygen + glucose → carbon dioxide + water + energy
  • Understand the link between photosynthesis and respiration.

Systems and Processes

  • Identify products and types of radioactive decay.
  • Compare the nervous and endocrine systems.
  • Understand the reflex arc and feedback loops.

Biological Systems

  • Know the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS).
  • Know the organs of the excretory/urinary and respiratory systems.
  • Understand how the nervous and endocrine systems regulate body temperature.
  • Understand half-life graphs.

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Description

Test your knowledge on atomic structure, properties of acids and bases, and the fundamentals of chemical reactions. This quiz covers everything from drawing atomic structures to understanding chemical equations and reactions types, including combustion and oxidation. Challenge yourself and reinforce your chemistry concepts!

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