6 Questions
Anion: Chloride (Cl⁻) Test: Acidify the solution with dilute nitric acid (HNO₃). Add a few drops of aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO₃). Positive Result: White precipitate of silver ______ (AgCl).
chloride
Anion: Bromide (Br⁻) Test: Follow steps 1 and 2 from Chloride testing. Positive Result: Pale cream precipitate of silver ______ (AgBr).
bromide
Anion: Iodide (I⁻) Test: Follow steps 1 and 2 from Chloride testing. Positive Result: Yellow precipitate of silver ______ (AgI).
iodide
Anion: Sulfate (SO₄²⁻) Test: Add a few drops of barium chloride (BaCl₂) or barium nitrate (BaNO₃) solution to the test solution. Positive Result: White precipitate of barium ______ (BaSO₄).
sulfate
Anion: Carbonate (CO₃²⁻) Test: Add a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) to the test solution. Positive Result: Brisk effervescence of carbon dioxide gas (______) is observed.
CO₂
Anion: Nitrate (NO₃⁻) Test: Add a small piece of aluminium foil to the test solution and make the mixture alkaline with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Warm gently. Positive Result: ______ is observed.
effervescence
Study Notes
Anion Identification Tests
Chloride (Cl⁻)
- Test: Acidify the solution with dilute nitric acid (HNO₃) and add a few drops of aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO₃)
- Positive Result: White precipitate of silver chloride (AgCl)
- Interfering Anions: Bromide (Br⁻) and Iodide (I⁻) (distinguished by precipitate color)
Bromide (Br⁻)
- Test: Follow steps 1 and 2 from Chloride testing
- Positive Result: Pale cream precipitate of silver bromide (AgBr)
- Interfering Anions: Iodide (I⁻) (distinguished by precipitate color)
Iodide (I⁻)
- Test: Follow steps 1 and 2 from Chloride testing
- Positive Result: Yellow precipitate of silver iodide (AgI)
Sulfate (SO₄²⁻)
- Test: Add a few drops of barium chloride (BaCl₂) or barium nitrate (BaNO₃) solution to the test solution
- Positive Result: White precipitate of barium sulfate (BaSO₄)
- Solubility: Insoluble in water and dilute acids
Carbonate (CO₃²⁻)
- Test: Add a few drops of dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) to the test solution
- Positive Result: Brisk effervescence of carbon dioxide gas (CO₂) is observed
Nitrate (NO₃⁻)
- Test: Add a small piece of aluminium foil to the test solution and make the mixture alkaline with sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
- Test: Warm gently
Test your knowledge on identifying anions in chemistry with these flashcards. Learn how to perform tests and interpret results for chloride and bromide ions. Understand the differences in test outcomes for various anions.
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