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Questions and Answers
In a binary ionic compound, what is the role of the cation?
Which statement is TRUE about anions in binary ionic compounds?
What type of ions are cations in binary ionic compounds?
If a non-metal atom becomes an anion, what change occurs in its name?
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What is a polyatomic ion composed of?
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How should cations be named in simple ionic compounds?
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What is the correct naming rule for non-metals becoming anions?
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What determines whether a metal compound requires a Roman numeral in its name?
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How is the name of the non-metal Cl changed when part of the compound NaCl?
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Why is a Roman numeral needed in naming compounds with transition metals?
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In naming ionic compounds with transition metals, where is the Roman numeral placed?
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What does the compound Iron (III) oxide consist of?
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Which ion is an exception to the general rule for naming polyatomic ions?
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What is the name of the compound formed when Sodium reacts with Nitrate?
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What does Lead (III) sulfate consist of?
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Study Notes
Cations and Anions in Binary Ionic Compounds
- Cations (positive ions) are formed from metal atoms, which lose electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration.
- Anions (negative ions) are formed from non-metal atoms, which gain electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration.
- In binary ionic compounds, anions are formed from non-metal atoms that gain electrons to achieve a stable electronic configuration.
- When a non-metal atom becomes an anion, its name changes to have the suffix "-ide" (e.g., chlorine becomes chloride).
Polyatomic Ions and Naming Rules
- Polyatomic ions are composed of two or more atoms that are covalently bonded together.
- In simple ionic compounds, cations are named using the same name as the parent element.
- Non-metals becoming anions are named using the suffix "-ide" (e.g., chlorine becomes chloride).
- A Roman numeral is needed in naming compounds with transition metals to indicate the charge of the metal ion.
- In naming ionic compounds with transition metals, the Roman numeral is placed in parentheses after the name of the metal.
Specific Compounds
- The compound NaCl (sodium chloride) is formed from sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl), where the name of the non-metal Cl is changed to chloride.
- Iron (III) oxide consists of iron (Fe) and oxygen (O) ions, with the Roman numeral III indicating the +3 charge of the iron ion.
- The compound formed when Sodium reacts with Nitrate is Sodium nitrate.
- Lead (III) sulfate consists of lead (Pb) and sulfate (SO4) ions, with the Roman numeral III indicating the +3 charge of the lead ion.
Exceptions
- The polyatomic ion ammonium (NH4+) is an exception to the general rule for naming polyatomic ions.
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Description
Learn about the composition of binary ionic compounds, including cations and anions. Understand the rules for naming these compounds, where the cation always comes first followed by the anion. Explore how ions become charged atoms through gaining or losing electrons.
