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Chemistry: Acids and Bases - Chapter 11

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Questions and Answers

According to the Arrhenius definitions, an acid is a substance that produces which ion when dissolved in water?

Sulfate ion (SO4^2-)

Nitrate ion (NO3-)

Hydroxide ion (OH-)

Hydrogen ion (H+) (correct)

What is the main contribution for which Svante Arrhenius won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry?

Definition of salts

Discovery of hydroxide ions

Introduction of the Brønsted-Lowry definitions

Understanding of ions in salt solutions (correct)

In Arrhenius' doctoral thesis, what revolutionary idea did he propose about salt solutions and their ability to conduct electricity?

Salts dissociate into hydrogen ions and oxygen ions

Salts dissociate into anions and cations (correct)

Salts dissociate into positive and negative ions

Salts dissociate into metallic ions and non-metallic ions

What was considered 'outrageous' about Arrhenius' idea on electricity conduction in salt solutions when he proposed it in 1884?

The concept of anions and cations Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between Brønsted-Lowry acids/bases definitions and Arrhenius definitions?

The consideration of hydrogen ions in acids Signup and view all the answers

According to the Brønsted-Lowry theory, what does a Brønsted-Lowry base do?

Accepts a hydrogen ion Signup and view all the answers

How does the Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory differ from the Arrhenius theory?

Brønsted-Lowry bases are also Arrhenius bases Signup and view all the answers

What determines if an acid or base is classified as strong or weak?

The degree of ionization in water Signup and view all the answers

In terms of the Brønsted-Lowry theory, what distinguishes an organic acid from an inorganic acid?

The presence of carbon-hydrogen bonds in the acid Signup and view all the answers

How do strong acids and bases differ from weak acids and bases?

Strong acids and bases are fully ionized in water Signup and view all the answers