Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is absolute zero?
What is absolute zero?
- A temperature measured in degrees Celsius
- A temperature where atoms cease all motion (correct)
- The highest temperature possible
- A temperature where kinetic energy is at its maximum
Which statement about acids is correct?
Which statement about acids is correct?
- They release H⁺ ions in water (correct)
- They turn litmus paper blue
- They release OH⁻ ions in water
- They have a pH greater than 7
What does the acid dissociation constant (Kₐ) represent?
What does the acid dissociation constant (Kₐ) represent?
- The concentration of H⁺ ions in an acidic solution
- The total amount of acid in a solution
- The volume of solvent used in an acid-base reaction
- The strength of a weak acid in water (correct)
What is activation energy?
What is activation energy?
Which of the following is a characteristic of alkali metals?
Which of the following is a characteristic of alkali metals?
What is an activated complex?
What is an activated complex?
Which of the following best describes an alloy?
Which of the following best describes an alloy?
What is a defining feature of an alkene?
What is a defining feature of an alkene?
Which of the following correctly defines adsorption?
Which of the following correctly defines adsorption?
What is an alpha particle?
What is an alpha particle?
Flashcards
Absolute zero
Absolute zero
The lowest temperature possible. At this point, atoms stop moving, or at least they move so little that practically nothing happens.
Absolute temperature
Absolute temperature
A temperature reading relative to absolute zero. We use Kelvins to measure it.
Accuracy
Accuracy
A measure of how close your measured value is to the actual value.
Acid
Acid
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Acid anhydride
Acid anhydride
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Acid dissociation constant (Kₐ)
Acid dissociation constant (Kₐ)
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Activation energy
Activation energy
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Activated complex
Activated complex
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Activity series
Activity series
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Actual yield
Actual yield
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Study Notes
Chemical Vocabulary
- Absolute Temperature: A temperature reading relative to absolute zero, using the Kelvin unit.
- Absolute Zero: The lowest possible temperature where atomic movement theoretically stops. Bonds still vibrate slightly.
- Accuracy: How close a measured value is to the actual value. A precise measurement can still be inaccurate.
- Acid: A substance releasing H⁺ ions in water, lowering pH below 7. Dissolves metals and turns litmus paper red and phenolphthalein colourless.
- Acid Anhydride: An oxide that forms an acid when added to water (e.g., SO3 forming H2SO4).
- Acid Dissociation Constant (Ka): Ratio of conjugate base and acid concentrations in a weak acid solution at equilibrium. Example: If [conjugate base] = 0.5 M and [acid] = 10 M, Ka = 0.05.
- Activated Complex: A temporary high-energy intermediate in a chemical reaction where reactants join and then separate into products. Also called transition state.
- Activation Energy: Minimum energy needed for a chemical reaction to begin. Can vary greatly depending on the reaction.
- Activity Series: A table of elements ordered by their tendency to react with water and acids.
- Actual Yield: The amount of product actually obtained in a reaction.
- Addition Reaction: A reaction adding atoms to a multiple bond (e.g., carbon-carbon double bond).
- Adsorption: One substance collecting on the surface of another.
- Alcohol: Organic molecule with an -OH group.
- Aldehyde: Organic molecule with a -COH group.
- Alkali Metals: Group 1 elements in the periodic table.
- Alkaline Earth Metals: Group 2 elements in the periodic table.
- Alkane: Organic molecule with only single carbon-carbon bonds.
- Alkene: Organic molecule with at least one carbon-carbon double bond (C=C).
- Alkyne: Organic molecule with at least one carbon-carbon triple bond (C≡C).
- Allotropes: Different forms of an element in the same state (e.g., white phosphorus and red phosphorus).
- Alloy: A mixture of two or more metals (e.g., brass, steel).
- Alpha Particle: A radioactive particle equivalent to a helium nucleus (2 protons, 2 neutrons).
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