Chemical Reactions: Displacement Types

Questions and Answers

In a single displacement reaction, a more reactive element replaces a less reactive ______.

element

The reaction of an acid with a base results in the formation of ______ and water.

salt

When copper wire is dipped in silver nitrate solution, it gets coated with ______.

silver

Aqueous sodium chloride and silver nitrate react to form a white precipitate of ______.

silver chloride Signup and view all the answers

Iron is more reactive than ______, which leads to the displacement reaction.

copper Signup and view all the answers

When a compound is formed from its elements, the reaction is called a ______ reaction.

combination Signup and view all the answers

Decomposition reaction is one in which a compound ______ into two or more substances.

breaks up Signup and view all the answers

Magnesium reacts with oxygen on heating to form ______.

magnesium oxide Signup and view all the answers

When calcium hydroxide is heated, it produces calcium oxide and ______.

steam Signup and view all the answers

Decomposition is normally caused by ______ or by passing electricity through it.

heating Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Single Displacement Reaction

Involves the replacement of one element in a compound by another more reactive element.
Example: Iron displaces copper in copper sulfate, resulting in iron sulfate and copper deposit.
Reaction formula: $CuSO_4 + Fe \longrightarrow FeSO_4 + Cu$

Double Displacement Reaction

Characterized by the exchange of elements or groups between two compounds.
General formula: $AB + CD \longrightarrow AD + CB$

Precipitation Reactions

Occur when two aqueous compounds react to form an insoluble solid called a precipitate.
Example: Sodium chloride reacts with silver nitrate, forming a white precipitate of silver chloride.
Reaction formula: $NaCl + AgNO_3 \longrightarrow AgCl + NaNO_3$

Neutralisation Reactions

An acid reacts with a base to produce salt and water.
General formula: $HA + BOH \longrightarrow AB + H_2O$
Example: Sulphuric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide to yield sodium sulfate and water.
Reaction formula: $H_2SO_4 + 2NaOH \longrightarrow Na_2SO_4 + 2H_2O$

Activity: Displacement Reaction Between Copper and Iron

Observational experiment involving copper sulfate and an iron nail.
Iron nail submerged in copper sulfate solution changes color to green, indicating iron sulfate formation.
A brown copper deposit forms on the iron nail.

Activity: Copper and Silver Nitrate

When copper wire is immersed in silver nitrate solution, it gets a silver coating.
Solution coloration shifts to bluish due to copper nitrate formation.
Reaction formula: $2AgNO_3 + Cu \longrightarrow Cu(NO_3)_2 + 2Ag$

Types of Chemical Reactions

Chemical reactions are categorized based on observable patterns, facilitating product prediction.

Combination Reaction

Formation of a compound from two or more elements or simpler substances.
General formula: $A + B \longrightarrow AB$
Example: Magnesium and oxygen react to form magnesium oxide upon heating.
Reaction formula: $2Mg + O_2 \longrightarrow 2MgO$

Decomposition Reaction

Process where a compound breaks down into two or more simpler substances, often driven by heat or electricity.
General formula: $AB \longrightarrow A + B$
Example: Calcium hydroxide decomposes into calcium oxide and steam upon heating.
Reaction formula: $Ca(OH)_2 \longrightarrow CaO + H_2O$
Example: Copper carbonate decomposes into copper oxide and carbon dioxide upon heating.
Reaction formula: $CuCO_3 \longrightarrow CuO + CO_2$

Description

Explore the fascinating world of chemical reactions with a focus on single and double displacement reactions. Understand how elements interact and replace each other in compounds through engaging examples. Test your knowledge of these fundamental concepts in chemistry.