Chemical Reactions and the Theory of Collisions Quiz

10 Questions

What is the main reason why an effervescent tablet reacts instantly in beer water?

Presence of various substances that can react violently under certain conditions

How did Max Strauss and William Louis explain the rapidity of chemical reactions in the early 20th century?

Interpreted it as the frequency of collisions between reactant molecules, their energy upon collision, and their colliding orientation

What happens when two substances collide resulting in a chemical change?

Effective collision

Why does the reaction occur slowly in cold water?

Reactant and water molecules move slowly, leading to few and insufficiently energetic collisions

What factors make reactions occur quickly in hot water?

Faster-moving, more energetic water and reactant molecules

What is the theory of collisions in chemical reactions?

States that for two substances to react, their particles must collide and result in either no or a chemical change

How is the reaction rate expressed in terms of a collision factor?

Collision factor 'f' which describes how many collisions result in a reaction

Why is there no reaction between wood and sawdust with oxygen in the air?

Lack of proper conditions

What distinguishes an ineffective collision from an effective collision?

Ineffective collision results in no chemical change, while effective collision leads to a reaction

What happens during an effective collision in chemical reactions?

Reactant molecules' chemical bonds break and new bonds form, producing new products

Study Notes

A pastilla efervescente (effervescent tablet) does not react in the air but reacts instantly when put in beer water due to the presence of various substances that can react violently when they come into contact under certain conditions.
Max Strauss and William Louis independently explained the rapidity of chemical reactions in the early 20th century, interpreting it as the frequency of collisions between reactant molecules, their energy upon collision, and their colliding orientation.
Without proper conditions, there's no reaction between reactants, as in the case of wood and sawdust reacting with oxygen in the air, despite a large amount of reactant molecules.
The theory of collisions states that for two substances to react, their particles must collide and result in either no or a chemical change, known as an ineffective or effective collision, respectively.
In an effective collision, reactant molecules' chemical bonds break, and new bonds form, producing new products.
The reaction in cold water occurs slowly because the reactant molecules and water molecules move slowly, leading to few and insufficiently energetic collisions.
In hot water, however, reactions occur quickly due to faster-moving, more energetic water molecules and reactant molecules.
The reaction rate can be expressed as a collision factor 'f', which describes how many of these collisions result in a reaction, formed by two parts: collision energy and reactant molecule orientation.
Keeping certain medications in a dry place is recommended due to a better understanding of why iron rusts more easily in water and why gases need a spark or flame to activate the reaction, which is called combustion.