Questions and Answers
What occurs when the dilution and chilling of the reaction mixture is performed?
Which factor primarily determines whether the collisions between reactant particles are effective?
Why does the rate of a reaction increase with higher temperature?
What does the slope of the curve plotted during the acid hydrolysis reaction indicate?
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In the chemical method, what is used to measure the concentration of acetic acid produced?
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What happens to the rate of reaction as time progresses in the acid hydrolysis of an ester?
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What is defined as the minimum energy required for reactants to undergo a reaction?
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Which condition contributes to an increased likelihood of effective collisions between reactants?
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Study Notes
Chemical Method in Reaction Kinetics
- Suitable for reactions occurring in solution.
- Involves chemical analysis of a reactant or product to determine reaction progress.
- Notable example: Hydrolysis of ethyl acetate in the presence of acid catalyst.
- Reaction equation: CH3COOC2H4(l) + H2O(l) -> CH3COOH(l) + C2H5OH(l).
- To analyze the reaction, a sample of the mixture is taken and diluted with ice-cold water to halt the reaction.
- Acetic acid produced is titrated against a standard alkali, usually NaOH, using phenolphthalein as an indicator.
- Sampling and titration occur at various time intervals to track acetic acid concentration changes.
- Concentration of acetic acid is plotted against time, producing a rising curve.
- Curve slope at any point represents the reaction rate, which is high initially and decreases over time.
- When the curve levels off, it indicates that the reaction rate has reached zero.
Energy of Activation
- For a chemical reaction, reactants must collide effectively to yield products.
- Collisions can be effective or ineffective, depending on the energy of the particles involved.
- Effective collisions lead to product formation, while ineffective collisions do not result in a reaction.
- Colliding particles require a certain minimum energy, known as activation energy, to overcome energy barriers and form products.
- Increasing temperature raises reaction rates, as more molecules acquire the necessary activation energy.
- Higher concentration of reactants enhances reaction speed due to increased likelihood of effective collisions.
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Description
This quiz explores the chemical method used in reaction kinetics, particularly focusing on the hydrolysis of ethyl acetate. It covers the procedures for sampling, titration, and the analysis of reaction rates over time. Understand the significance of reaction progress and the concept of energy of activation.
