FOOD 10-2 Food Safety - Chemical contaminants and natural toxins

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Which type of chemical is an extrinsic source of contamination in foods?

Pesticides

What are examples of intrinsic sources of chemicals in foods?

Naturally occurring toxins and allergens

What are examples of heavy metals as a source of chemical contamination in foods?

Extrinsic source

Which type of pesticide is known for its high stability, environmental persistence, and endocrine disrupting properties?

<p>Organochlorines</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pesticide is similar in chemical structure to pyrethrins in chrysanthemum and acts on the nervous system of insects but not mammals?

<p>Synthetic pyrethroid</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pesticide is known for its low toxicity in humans and animals and targets plant metabolic pathways?

<p>Herbicides</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does MRL stand for in the context of agrichemicals?

<p>Maximum Residue Limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who carries out the National residue survey in Australia in consultation with the industry?

<p>Department of Agriculture and Water Resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for selecting chemical-commodity combinations for the National residue survey?

<p>Australian Standards and requirements of trading partners</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does MRL stand for in the context of agrichemicals?

<p>Maximum Residue Limit</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who carries out the National residue survey in Australia?

<p>Department of Agriculture and Water Resources</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the basis for selecting chemical-commodity combinations for the National residue survey?

<p>Australian Standards and requirements of trading partners</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the reason for suspending beef export in 1994?

<p>Cattle were contaminated with OC pesticide</p> Signup and view all the answers

What change did the cotton industry make in response to pesticide contamination?

<p>Transitioned to Integrated Pest Management (IPM)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the Australian total diet survey when selecting food samples for analysis?

<p>Representativeness of current food consumption patterns</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern regarding pesticides, as mentioned in the text?

<p>Potential health risks including cancer and impaired cognitive development</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which heavy metal can be present in phosphate fertilizers and composts and is of most concern to fresh produce?

<p>Cadmium</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which heavy metal is found in water, air, food, and soil, and can be naturally occurring or a contamination from human activity?

<p>Arsenic</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which heavy metal affects the nervous system and accumulates in the aquatic food chain as methyl mercury, and has specific limits for consumption of certain types of fish?

<p>Mercury</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which heavy metal is a concern near smelters or heavy industry and is associated with causing learning disabilities?

<p>Lead</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which heavy metal can be at high levels in some seafood and seaweed, with a specific mention of high risk associated with the consumption of Hijiki seaweed?

<p>Arsenic</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary toxic component in bitter cassava?

<p>Cyanogenic glucosides</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which food contains a toxin known as solanine?

<p>Potatoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which food's leaves and stems contain solanine and tomatine?

<p>Tomatoes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended preparation method to reduce the toxicity of cassava?

<p>Soaking and drying</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which food's seeds contain cyanogenic glucosides?

<p>Cherries</p> Signup and view all the answers

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