Chemical Concepts Quiz

Explain the difference between strong acids and weak acids, providing an example of each.

Strong acids completely dissociate in solution, releasing a large number of protons (H+), while weak acids only ionize slightly, releasing a low number of protons (H+). An example of a strong acid is HCl, and an example of a weak acid is acetic acid (CH3COOH).

Define alkalies and provide an example of a strong alkali and a weak alkali.

Alkalies are substances that give hydroxyl ions (OH-) in solution. A strong alkali completely dissociates in solution, such as NaOH and KOH, while a weak alkali only ionizes slightly, such as ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH).

What are amphoteric substances? Provide examples of two amphoteric substances.

Amphoteric substances are those that can act as both an acid (proton donor) and a base (proton acceptor). Examples include water (H2O) and amino acids.

Explain the concept of pH and how it is calculated.

<p>pH represents the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution and is calculated as the negative log$_{10}$ of the hydrogen ion concentration expressed in moles per liter (mol/L). The pH of pure water is 7.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a pH of 7 on the pH scale?

<p>A pH of 7 indicates a neutral solution, where the concentration of hydrogen ions is equal to the concentration of hydroxide ions (H+ = OH-).</p> Signup and view all the answers