20 Questions
Which term refers to a physical or chemical agent that causes or induces malignant cells?
Carcinogen
What is the term for the spread of cancer beyond the organ of origin?
Metastasis
Which type of carcinogens interact with DNA resulting in mutation?
Genotoxic
What term is used for cancer cells that divide out of control and can invade and destroy nearby healthy tissue?
Malignant tissue
Which type of tissue has moderately increased cell growth but does not invade nearby tissue or spread to other parts of the body?
Benign tissue
What is the main cause of cancer according to the given text?
Endogenous factors
Which of the following was NOT reported as a linkage with cancer in the history of chemical carcinogenesis?
Exposure to asbestos
Which of the following is an example of an exogenous carcinogen as per the text?
Smoking
In the multistage nature of chemical carcinogenesis, which stage involves the selective clonal expansion of the initiated cell to form a focal lesion?
Promotion
Which type of agents are bile acids and free oxygen radicals as mentioned in the text?
Endogenous carcinogens
What is genetic toxicology primarily concerned with?
Examining changes in DNA molecules of cells due to various factors
Which of the following is NOT a form of genetic damage covered by genetic toxicity?
RNA synthesis
What does the central dogma of molecular biology describe?
Flow of genetic information within a biological system
What are the building blocks of nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
What does genetic toxicology consider as a general term covering damage such as clastogenicity and aneuploidy?
Genotoxicity
What is the main function of DNA in living organisms?
Storing and carrying genetic instructions
Where are chromosomes located in the cell?
In the cell nucleus
What is a gene made up of?
DNA
What is the role of mutagens?
Inducing changes in DNA called mutations
Which term refers to changes caused by some factors in the genetic material in the cell nucleus?
Mutation
Test your knowledge on the terminology related to chemical carcinogenesis and cancer. Learn about the abnormal cell growth, mutation, and proliferation that characterizes this disease, which is a significant cause of mortality worldwide.
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