Chemical Bonds in General, Organic, and Biochemistry Chapter 3 Quiz

The Octet Rule is the tendency of group 1A-7A elements to react in ways that achieve an electron configuration of eight valence electrons.

A cation is a positively charged ion formed by losing one or more electrons, while an anion is a negatively charged ion formed by gaining one or more electrons.

A sodium atom forms a sodium ion (Na+) by losing one electron.

<p>A chlorine atom forms a chloride ion (Cl-) by gaining one electron.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A polar covalent bond is a type of chemical bond where electrons are shared unequally between atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A non-polar covalent bond occurs when electrons are shared equally between atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>In a nonpolar covalent bond, electrons are shared equally between atoms. In a polar covalent bond, electron sharing is not equal due to differences in electronegativity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Electronegativity is the measure of an atom's attraction for shared electrons in a chemical bond. It determines the type of bond formed based on the difference in electronegativity between atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Example: NaCl (Sodium chloride).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A covalent bond is formed by sharing one or more pairs of electrons between atoms. The shared electrons fill the valence shells of both atoms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Systematic Name: Iron(III) oxide. Common Name: Ferric oxide.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The polarity of a covalent bond is determined by the difference in electronegativity between bonded atoms. Greater electronegativity difference leads to a more polar bond.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A single bond shares one pair of electrons, a double bond shares two pairs, and a triple bond shares three pairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The Lewis structure for Ethane (C2H6) consists of two carbon atoms single-bonded to each other, with three hydrogen atoms attached to each carbon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Period 2 elements can have more than eight electrons in their valence shell by using 2s and 2p orbitals for bonding.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The less electronegative element is named first, and prefixes like 'di-', 'tri-', etc. are used to indicate the number of atoms of each element.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The prefix 'mono-' is omitted when it refers to the first atom because it is implied, and it is rarely used with the second atom.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Period 3 elements use one 3s orbital, three 3p orbitals, and five 3d orbitals for bonding, allowing them to accommodate more than eight electrons.</p> Signup and view all the answers