10 Questions
What is the primary use of the He II λ4686 Å line in planetary nebulae?
To quantify the nebular excitation class (EC)
What is the minimum effective temperature required for the presence of the He II λ4686 Å line?
85 000 K
Which of the following parameters does NOT influence the excitation class of a planetary nebula?
Distance to the nebula
What is the range of excitation class (EC) where the He II λ4686 Å line is absent?
EC < 5
What is the purpose of equations (1) and (2) in Reid & Parker's (2010) classification scheme?
To classify the EC of the nebula
How many classification schemes for the EC are mentioned in the text?
Four
What is the relationship between the [O III]/Hβ line ratio and EC ≥ 5?
The ratio increases with increasing EC
Which of the following is NOT a parameter that influences the EC of a planetary nebula?
Nebular distance from the central star
What is the purpose of the He II λ4686 Å line in Reid & Parker's (2010) classification scheme?
To classify the EC of the nebula
What is the primary factor that determines the excitation level of a planetary nebula?
Central star temperature
This quiz covers the chemical abundances of planetary nebulae, including the spectra of planetary nebulae, recombination lines, and emission lines in the optical region. It also touches on the photoionization of the gaseous shell and the temperature of the central star. Test your knowledge of astronomical concepts and processes.
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