CHEM 2: VSEPR and Chirality Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the Electron Geometry of PCl5? What is its Molecular Geometry?

Electron Geometry of PCl5 is Trigonal Bipyramidal. Molecular Geometry of PCl5 is Trigonal Bipyramidal.

What is the Electron Geometry of SF4? What is its Molecular Geometry?

Electron Geometry of SF4 is Trigonal Bipyramidal. Molecular Geometry of SF4 is See-saw.

In a trigonal bipyramidal structure, where are the lone pair electrons localized to minimize repulsion forces?

They are located in the equator of the shape.

What is the Electron Geometry of ClF3? What is its Molecular Geometry?

Electron Geometry of ClF3 is Trigonal Bipyramidal. Molecular Geometry of ClF3 is T-Shape. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Electron Geometry of I3-? What is its Molecular Geometry?

Electron Geometry of I3- is Trigonal Bipyramidal. Molecular Geometry of I3- is Linear. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Electron Geometry of BrF5? What is its Molecular Geometry?

Electron Geometry of BrF5 is Octahedral. Molecular Geometry of BrF5 is Square Pyramidal. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Electron Geometry of XeF4? What is its Molecular Geometry?

Electron Geometry of XeF4 is Octahedral. Molecular Geometry of XeF4 is Square Planar. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between structural (constitutional) isomers and stereo-isomers?

Structural isomers have the same chemical formula but differ in connectivity of atoms. Stereo-isomers have the same formula and connectivity but differ in configuration in space. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between enantiomers and diastereomers?

Enantiomers contain chiral centers that are non-superimposable mirror images. Diastereomers contain chiral centers that are non-superimposable but are NOT mirror images. Signup and view all the answers

If a molecule has 2 chiral centers, how many stereoisomers might it have?

4 possible stereoisomers. Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of non-superimposable/superimposable mirror images?

Superimposable means when you rotate a mirror image and it aligns with the original. Non-superimposable means no alignment can be achieved. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Electron Geometry and Molecular Geometry of PCl5?

Electron Geometry is Trigonal Bipyramidal, Molecular Geometry is Trigonal Bipyramidal. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Electron Geometry and Molecular Geometry of SF4?

Electron Geometry is Trigonal Bipyramidal, Molecular Geometry is See-saw. Signup and view all the answers

In the trigonal bipyramidal structure, where are the lone pair electrons localized?

They are located in the equatorial plane. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Electron Geometry and Molecular Geometry of ClF3?

Electron Geometry is Trigonal Bipyramidal, Molecular Geometry is T-Shape. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Electron Geometry and Molecular Geometry of I3-?

Electron Geometry is Trigonal Bipyramidal, Molecular Geometry is Linear. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Electron Geometry and Molecular Geometry of BrF5?

Electron Geometry is Octahedral, Molecular Geometry is Square Pyramidal. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Electron Geometry and Molecular Geometry of XeF4?

Electron Geometry is Octahedral, Molecular Geometry is Square Planar. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between structural (constitutional) isomers and stereo-isomers?

Structural isomers have the same chemical formula but differ in connectivity of atoms, while stereo-isomers have the same formula and connectivity but differ in spatial arrangement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between enantiomers and diastereomers?

Enantiomers are non-superimposable mirror images, while diastereomers are non-superimposable and not mirror images. Signup and view all the answers

If a molecule has 2 chiral centers, how many stereoisomers might it have?

4 possible stereoisomers. Signup and view all the answers

What is the meaning of non-superimposable and superimposable mirror images?

Superimposable means aligning the original and mirror image perfectly, while non-superimposable means they cannot be aligned. Signup and view all the answers

Enantiomers are an example of which of the following?

Stereoisomers Signup and view all the answers

Can a double bonded compound have conformational isomers? If not, what can they have?

No, they cannot have conformational isomers because you can't rotate along a double bond; they can have geometric isomers. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Electron Geometry and Molecular Geometry

PCl5 has both Electron Geometry and Molecular Geometry classified as Trigonal Bipyramidal.
SF4 has Electron Geometry of Trigonal Bipyramidal, while its Molecular Geometry is a See-saw shape.
In a trigonal bipyramidal arrangement, lone pair electrons are located equatorially to minimize repulsion.
ClF3 has Electron Geometry of Trigonal Bipyramidal and Molecular Geometry of T-Shape.
I3- demonstrates Trigonal Bipyramidal Electron Geometry and Linear Molecular Geometry.
BrF5 features Electron Geometry of Octahedral and a Molecular Geometry described as Square Pyramidal.
XeF4 also exhibits Octahedral Electron Geometry while having a Square Planar Molecular Geometry.

Isomerism

Structural (constitutional) isomers share the same chemical formula but differ in atom connectivity.
Stereoisomers have the same chemical formula and same atomic connectivity, but differ in spatial configuration.
Enantiomers are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable mirror images.
Diastereomers are stereoisomers that are non-superimposable but not mirror images.

Stereoisomers and Chiral Centers

The number of stereoisomers for a molecule with chiral centers is calculated using the formula 2^n, where n represents the number of chiral centers, yielding 4 possible stereoisomers for two chiral centers.
Non-superimposable mirror images cannot be aligned perfectly with their original counterparts, while superimposable images can match exactly.

Types of Isomers

Enantiomers fall into the category of stereoisomers.
Double bonded compounds cannot exhibit conformational isomers due to the absence of rotation about a double bond, but they can participate in geometric isomerism.

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Description

Test your understanding of VSEPR theory and chirality with these flashcards. This quiz covers electron and molecular geometries of various compounds, including PCl5 and SF4. Perfect for students looking to strengthen their chemistry knowledge.