18 Questions
What is the result of charging a conductor by induction?
The conductor gains a charge with the opposite sign as the charged object
What is the purpose of connecting the conductor to ground during charging by induction?
To neutralize the charge on the conductor
What happens to the transferred electrons in the conductor after the ground connection is removed?
They remain in the conductor
How does a positively charged object affect a neutral metal sphere during charging by conduction?
It induces a negative charge on the sphere
What role does ground play in the process of electrostatic charging by induction?
Ground absorbs excess electrons from the conductor
In the context of charging by conduction, what happens when a charged object is removed from a neutral metal sphere?
The sphere acquires a charge with opposite sign to that of the object
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where electric charges accumulate more at sharper points on a charged object?
Action at points
In which scenario can a charged needle act as an electron spray-gun?
When its tip has a high curvature
What causes lightning to occur during a thunderstorm?
Attraction between positive charges at the bottom of the cloud and negative charges on the ground
What is the significance of overcoming the insulating properties of air in relation to lightning formation?
It allows for the electric charges to flow between the cloud and the ground
What is the function of a gold leaf electroscope in terms of electric charge detection?
To measure the amount of charge on an object
How does a bolt of lightning lead to the formation of thunder?
By rapidly expanding air along its path
How can an object become charged according to the text?
By losing or gaining electrons
Which method of charging involves rubbing two neutral objects together?
Friction
What happens when a glass rod is rubbed with silk according to the text?
Glass gains electrons and becomes positively charged
How do moving vehicles become charged according to the text?
By gaining electrons from the air due to friction
What kind of charges are produced on an ebonite rod when it is rubbed with fur?
Negative charges on the rod and equal number of positive charges left on the fur
Which method of charging involves objects staying in contact with each other?
Conduction
Study Notes
Charging by Induction
- Charging a conductor by induction results in the transfer of electrons from the ground to the conductor.
- Connecting the conductor to ground during charging allows the excess electrons to be transferred, neutralizing the conductor.
- After the ground connection is removed, the transferred electrons remain in the conductor, making it negatively charged.
Charging by Conduction
- A positively charged object can transfer its excess electrons to a neutral metal sphere, making the sphere positively charged.
- When a charged object is removed from a neutral metal sphere, the sphere retains its acquired charge.
- Charging by conduction involves direct contact between two objects, allowing the transfer of electrons from one to the other.
Electric Charge and Phenomena
- The phenomenon where electric charges accumulate more at sharper points on a charged object is known as electric charge concentration.
- A charged needle can act as an electron spray-gun in the presence of a strong electric field.
- Lightning occurs during a thunderstorm when there is a buildup of electrical charges between the clouds and the ground, eventually overcoming the insulating properties of air and creating a spark.
Lightning and Thunder
- Overcoming the insulating properties of air is crucial for lightning formation, as it allows the electrical discharge to occur.
- A bolt of lightning leads to the formation of thunder as the rapid expansion of air creates a shockwave that produces sound waves.
Electric Charge Detection
- A gold leaf electroscope is used to detect electric charges, as it is sensitive to even small changes in electric charge.
Methods of Charging
- An object can become charged through induction, conduction, or friction.
- Rubbing two neutral objects together, such as a glass rod and silk, can transfer electrons and create a charge.
- Moving vehicles can become charged due to friction with the air.
- Rubbing an ebonite rod with fur produces negative charges on the rod.
- Charging by conduction involves direct contact between two objects, while charging by induction involves the transfer of electrons through a ground connection.
Test your knowledge on the methods of charging objects by conduction and induction in physics. Understand how a neutral metal sphere can become charged through contact with a positively charged aluminum plate. Explore the differences between charging by conduction and induction.
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