Characteristics of Specific Learning Disabilities (SLD)
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Questions and Answers

What is the defining characteristic of students with learning disabilities?

  • Specific and significant achievement deficits (correct)
  • High overall intelligence
  • Excellent social skills
  • Average achievement levels

    • Which characteristic is the most common among students with learning disabilities?

  • Excellent math skills
  • Exceptional social skills
  • Strong written language abilities
  • Reading problems (correct)

    • Why is it dangerous to rely solely on a list of characteristics for identifying children with learning disabilities?

  • Children refuse to exhibit characteristics
  • Children show all characteristics at once
  • Characteristics change frequently
  • Relying on characteristics can lead to misdiagnosis (correct)

    • What is the impact of the difference between expected and actual performance for students with learning disabilities over time?

    <p>It grows larger and larger</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT listed as a specific characteristic of students with learning disabilities?

    <p><strong>Excellent</strong> social skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of children identified as learning disabled are referred for special education services due to reading problems?

    <p><strong>90%</strong></p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which characteristic is NOT commonly associated with students with learning disabilities?

    <p><strong>Exceptional</strong> math skills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'The difference between what students with learning disabilities 'are expected to do and what they can do grows larger and larger' over time.' This statement implies that:

    <p><strong>Expected</strong> performance decreases over time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of the variability in reading skills can be explained by genetic factors according to genetic studies of reading disability?

    <p>50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Myers & Hammill (1990), how does the presence of learning disabilities as symptoms from brain injury or developmental delay affect teaching methods?

    <p>It does not essentially alter the methods of teaching the student</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factor, besides genetic factors, is mentioned as contributing to reading problems for siblings and children of persons with reading disabilities?

    <p>Environmental factors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is highlighted as a likely contributor to the achievement deficits experienced by many children with learning disabilities?

    <p>Quality of instruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    According to Pennington (1995) and Raskind (2001), what may account for at least some family links with dyslexia?

    <p>Genetics</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What environmental factors are mentioned as necessary to develop the neural networks that support academic skills?

    <p>Instructional strategies</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is stated about the achievement problems of all children with learning disabilities?

    <p>'Achievement problems' are entirely caused by inadequate instruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is suggested as likely contributing to children's learning problems besides impoverished living conditions?

    <p>Poor quality instruction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the common symptoms of dysgraphia?

    <p>Difficulty organizing letters, numbers, and words</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which set of behavioral traits may lead to a diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

    <p>Consistent impulsivity and hyperactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the key components of the Special Education Process for students with learning disabilities?

    <p>Individualized Education Plan (IEP)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do accommodations differ from modifications in the classroom?

    <p>Accommodations change the way information is presented without altering content.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of difficulties can arise from dysgraphia according to the provided text?

    <p>Visual-spatial difficulties and language processing difficulty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is a collaborative relationship between teachers and schools emphasized for children with learning disabilities?

    <p>To ensure effective implementation of accommodations and IEPs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the challenges people with dysgraphia face when writing?

    <p>Problems organizing letters, numbers, and words on a page</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can accommodations help students with learning disabilities achieve?

    <p>Demonstrating their understanding without changing expected mastery levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does recent MRI technology enable researchers to discover about individuals with reading and language disabilities?

    <p>Specific regions of their brains show different activation patterns during phonological processing tasks.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do special educators need to be cautious about linking learning disabilities to brain dysfunction?

    <p>Because not all children with learning disabilities show clinical evidence of brain damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the danger of assuming a child's learning problems are due to brain dysfunction?

    <p>It may lead to ineffective instruction as an excuse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what way does the brain structure of children with reading disabilities differ from those without disabilities?

    <p>It is slightly different.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What risk arises when teachers quickly assume that a student's failure to learn is due to brain injury?

    <p>They may neglect to analyze and adjust instructional methods.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it crucial for special educators to avoid placing too much emphasis on brain damage theories?

    <p>As not all children with learning disabilities show signs of brain damage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What impact does assuming a child's learning problems are due to brain dysfunction have on teachers?

    <p>It may lead to ineffective instruction practices by providing an excuse.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'A Word of Caution' from the text advises why it is essential for special educators to be careful about what?

    <p>Over-emphasizing theories connecting learning disabilities to brain dysfunction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key difference between accommodations and modifications?

    <p>Accommodations change how the student learns, while modifications change the content being taught.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of student might benefit from an audio copy of a book as an accommodation?

    <p>A student with dyslexia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which area can accommodations NOT be applied to based on the text?

    <p>Science</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of graphic organizers as an accommodation for a student with dyslexia?

    <p>To help the student record and comprehend book content</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does reducing the complexity of material signify in terms of modifications?

    <p>It simplifies the learning expectations for the student</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of program or tool is Touch Math based on the provided information?

    <p>Multisensory instructional program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does Barton Reading & Spelling Program cater to students' needs?

    <p>Through multi-sensory intervention for reading and spelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which tool might be beneficial for a student struggling with handwriting?

    <p>Kinetic Sand</p> Signup and view all the answers

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