Characteristics of Prokaryotic Organisms
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of prokaryotic organisms?

  • May contain plasmids
  • Have circular DNA not associated with proteins
  • Have ribosomes smaller than those found in eukaryotes
  • Possess membrane-bound organelles (correct)
  • What is the primary structural component of the cell wall in prokaryotic organisms?

  • Cellulose
  • Peptidoglycan
  • Murein (correct)
  • Chitin
  • What shape is NOT associated with bacterial organisms?

  • Rod-shaped
  • Spiral
  • Square (correct)
  • Spherical
  • In the binomial naming system, what does the first word represent?

    <p>Genus name</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following features may be present in some prokaryotic organisms?

    <p>Flagella for movement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common characteristic of prokaryotic organisms regarding their genetic material?

    <p>They contain circular DNA not associated with protein.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the structure of prokaryotic ribosomes?

    <p>Prokaryotic ribosomes are smaller than ribosomes found in eukaryotic organisms.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is typically found in the cytoplasm of prokaryotic organisms?

    <p>Stored food in the form of glycogen and lipids.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What component contributes to the protective feature of many prokaryotic organisms?

    <p>A slime capsule.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT part of the naming system used in binomial nomenclature?

    <p>The first word is in lowercase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which shape is NOT associated with bacterial organisms?

    <p>Rectangular.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one possible feature of some prokaryotic organisms that allows for movement?

    <p>Flagella.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Characteristics of Prokaryotic Organisms

    • Lack a nucleus and organelles except ribosomes, distinguishing them from eukaryotic organisms.
    • Ribosomes are smaller in size compared to those found in eukaryotes.
    • Contain circular DNA that is not associated with proteins.
    • May possess plasmids, which are additional circular DNA molecules.
    • Often covered with a protective slime capsule.
    • Surrounded by a cell wall made of murein, a polymer of proteins and carbohydrates.
    • Cytoplasm holds stored food in the forms of glycogen and lipids.
    • Some prokaryotes have flagella (singular: flagellum), which aid in locomotion.
    • Certain types can contain chlorophyll, enabling them to perform photosynthesis.

    Shapes of Bacteria

    • Bacteria can be classified into three main shapes:
      • Spiral
      • Spherical
      • Rod-shaped

    Binomial Nomenclature

    • The system for naming species using a two-word format.
    • The first word represents the genus and is capitalized; the second word denotes the species and begins with a lowercase letter.
    • Names are written in Latin, either in italics or underlined.
    • Example: Humans are named Homo sapiens, where "Homo" is the genus and "sapiens" is the species.

    Characteristics of Prokaryotic Organisms

    • Lack a nucleus and organelles except ribosomes, distinguishing them from eukaryotic organisms.
    • Ribosomes are smaller in size compared to those found in eukaryotes.
    • Contain circular DNA that is not associated with proteins.
    • May possess plasmids, which are additional circular DNA molecules.
    • Often covered with a protective slime capsule.
    • Surrounded by a cell wall made of murein, a polymer of proteins and carbohydrates.
    • Cytoplasm holds stored food in the forms of glycogen and lipids.
    • Some prokaryotes have flagella (singular: flagellum), which aid in locomotion.
    • Certain types can contain chlorophyll, enabling them to perform photosynthesis.

    Shapes of Bacteria

    • Bacteria can be classified into three main shapes:
      • Spiral
      • Spherical
      • Rod-shaped

    Binomial Nomenclature

    • The system for naming species using a two-word format.
    • The first word represents the genus and is capitalized; the second word denotes the species and begins with a lowercase letter.
    • Names are written in Latin, either in italics or underlined.
    • Example: Humans are named Homo sapiens, where "Homo" is the genus and "sapiens" is the species.

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    Description

    This quiz explores the main characteristics of prokaryotic organisms, including their cellular structure, DNA composition, and protective features. Learn about the unique characteristics that distinguish prokaryotes from other life forms, such as their lack of a nucleus and specialized organelles.

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