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Questions and Answers
According to Roger's theory, self-actualizing persons are not aware of all experiences.
False
In person-centered therapy, the therapist explores the client's feelings and attitudes toward other people only.
False
Encounter groups are a technique used in individual therapy sessions.
False
Unconditional positive regard is a core concept in Roger's theory.
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Self-actualizing persons in Roger's theory feel constrained in making choices.
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Unconditional positive regard means approval is granted only when a person's behavior is desirable.
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Positive self-regard is when we only grant ourselves acceptance and approval under certain conditions.
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Conditions of worth refer to a belief that we are worthy of approval only when we express undesirable behaviors.
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Congruence is a characteristic of psychologically healthy people where they distort their perceptions based on external conditions.
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People with congruence feel unworthy under all conditions and situations.
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Person-centered therapy focuses on denying individuals access to new experiences to protect their self-concept.
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Person-centered therapy is also known as directive therapy.
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One of the key concepts of person-centered therapy is the belief that individuals have the ability to change and improve their personality.
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Empathy is not considered important in person-centered therapy.
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Unconditional positive regard means the therapist only values positive aspects of the client's experiences.
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Self-actualization refers to the inborn tendency to limit one's personal growth and development.
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Phenomenology in person-centered therapy emphasizes the importance of focusing on external realities rather than inner perceptions.
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Study Notes
Fully Functioning Persons
- A fully functioning person is someone who develops and actualizes all facets of the self, leading to a "good life"
- Characteristics of fully functioning persons:
- Aware of all experiences
- Live fully and richly in every moment
- Trust in their own organism
- Feel free to make choices without constraints or inhibitions
- Create and live constructively and adaptively as environmental conditions change
Person-Centered Therapy
- A non-directive or client-centered therapy approach
- The ability to change and improve personality is centered within the person
- Current feelings and emotions have a greater impact on personality
Carl Rogers' View on Human Nature
- Free will vs determinism
- Social vs biological
- Present vs past
- Optimism vs pessimism
- Progressive vs regressive
Self-Actualization
- The inborn tendency to develop our abilities and potentials, from biological to psychological aspects
- The individual's ultimate goal is to actualize the self
- Self-actualization leads to growth and development
Self-Understanding
- An acceptance of self and reality, and a sense of responsibility for the self
- Self-understanding is essential for actualization
Organismic Valuing Process
- A process by which we judge experiences in terms of their value for fostering or hindering our actualization and growth
The Experiential World
- A frame of reference or context that influences our growth
- Experience is the highest authority
Phenomenology
- The only reality of which we can be sure is our own subjective world of experience, our inner perception of reality
Unconditional Positive Regard
- Approval is granted regardless of a person's behavior, desirable or undesirable
- Positive self-regard is the condition under which we grant ourselves acceptance and approval
Conditions of Worth
- A belief that we are worthy of approval only when we express desirable behaviors and attitudes and refrain from expressing those that bring disapproval from others
Congruence
- A characteristic of psychologically healthy people
- Able to perceive themselves, others, and events in their world as they really are
- Open to new experiences and feel worthy under all conditions and situations
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Description
Learn about the characteristics and assessment of fully functioning individuals according to Carl Rogers' theory. Explore traits such as awareness, trust in oneself, and adaptive behavior in changing environments.
