29 Questions
What is the primary function of cilia in ciliates?
Coordination of directed movements
Which characteristic is common among non-protists in the Archaeplastida supergroup?
Presence of cell walls
What distinguishes red algae within the Archaeplastida supergroup?
Multicellularity and size range
What is a notable feature of green algae based on the text?
Presence of both unicellular and multicellular organisms
Where do most members of the Archaeplastida supergroup store food?
In the form of starch
What is a characteristic shared by the last common ancestor to all Eukaryotes?
Chromosomes Organized by Histones
What is a universal mode of cell division in all Eukaryotes?
Mitosis
What is the defining feature of endosymbiosis?
Mutual benefit for both cells involved
Which organelle is thought to have originated from endosymbiosis according to the endosymbiotic theory?
Mitochondrion
If an organism lacks a nucleus but possesses flagella, it is likely to be a:
Prokaryote
Which feature differentiates Eukaryotes from Prokaryotes based on the given information?
Presence of histones
What is a unifying characteristic of eukaryotes?
Cells with nuclei surrounded by a nuclear envelope
Which theory explains the origin of mitochondria in eukaryotic cells?
Endosymbiotic theory
What is one of the events that led to the evolution of eukaryotes?
Formation of chloroplasts
Why does the diversity and evolutionary relationship between Protists lead to the creation of Eukaryotic 'Supergroups'?
To simplify classification
Which Supergroup includes lineages like SARS?
Archaeplastida
What is a characteristic shared by all Eukaryotes?
Cells with nuclei surrounded by a nuclear envelope
What is the function of the alveolus in Alveolates?
Exact function is unknown
Which Protists are further categorized under Alveolates?
Dinoflagellates, Apicomplexans, Ciliates
What distinguishes dinoflagellates in terms of mobility?
Having two flagella
What do many dinoflagellates have encasing their cells?
Cellulose plates
Which group of single-cell protists are covered in rows, tufts, or spirals of tiny cilia?
Ciliates
Which supergroup includes the lineages Stramenopiles, Alveolates, and Rhizarians?
SAR
What environmental conditions characterized the period when life was anaerobic?
Low in Oxygen and high in Carbon Dioxide/Nitrogen
How did the creation of an oxygen-rich environment by Cyanobacteria impact the evolution of eukaryotes?
It provided the conditions for the evolution of eukaryotes from prokaryotes
Which step of the Endosymbiotic Theory involves an aerobic bacterium being engulfed by a proto-eukaryotic cell?
Step 3-4
What evidence supports the relationship between mitochondria and Alpha-Proteobacteria?
Composition of mitochondrial inner membrane similar to Bacterial plasma membrane
Which cellular components are closely related to Alpha-Proteobacteria based on the Endosymbiotic Theory?
Mitochondrial DNA, ribosomes, and tRNA
How do mitochondria reproduce based on their similarity to bacterial fission?
Through binary fission
Test your knowledge on the characteristics of Eukaryotes, including chromosomes organized by histones and the presence of sexual reproduction. Explore the origin of Eukaryotes and learn about common traits shared by the last common ancestor, such as mitosis and flagella/cilia.
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