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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of microvilli on the apical surface of epithelial cells?
What is the primary function of microvilli on the apical surface of epithelial cells?
- To filter molecules passing into the epithelium
- To increase surface area (correct)
- To provide mechanical support to the epithelium
- To increase cell-cell adhesion
What is the main function of the basal lamina in epithelial tissue?
What is the main function of the basal lamina in epithelial tissue?
- To facilitate cell-cell adhesion
- To increase the surface area of the apical surface
- To act as a filter for molecules passing into the epithelium (correct)
- To provide mechanical support to the epithelium
What type of junctions are formed between epithelial cells to fit them close together?
What type of junctions are formed between epithelial cells to fit them close together?
- Tight junctions and microvilli
- Tight junctions, gap junctions, and desmosomes (correct)
- Gap junctions and desmosomes
- Adherens junctions and hemidesmosomes
What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue that allows it to resist stretching and tearing?
What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue that allows it to resist stretching and tearing?
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What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue that allows it to rapidly reproduce?
What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue that allows it to rapidly reproduce?
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What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue that distinguishes it from other tissue types?
What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue that distinguishes it from other tissue types?
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Study Notes
Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue
- Epithelial cells have motile cilia (hair-like projections) on their free surface, which help push substances along.
- The basal lamina is a thin, supporting sheet that separates the epithelial cells from the underlying tissue, acting as a filter to allow or inhibit certain molecules from passing into the epithelium.
Polarity
- Epithelial cells have an apical surface and a lower attached basal surface that differ in structure and function.
- The apical surface often has microvilli (small extensions of the plasma membrane) that increase the surface area.
Specialized Contacts
- Epithelial cells fit close together to form continuous sheets, with specialized contacts such as:
- Tight junctions
- Gap junctions
- Desmosomes
Support and Structure
- The reticular lamina, located deep to the basal lamina, forms the basement membrane that reinforces the epithelium and helps it resist stretching and tearing.
- The epithelium is supported by underlying connective tissue.
Vascularization
- Epithelial layers contain no blood vessels (avascular).
Regeneration
- Epithelial tissue has a high regenerative capacity, allowing it to reproduce rapidly as long as it receives adequate nutrition.
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