Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue

What is the primary function of microvilli on the apical surface of epithelial cells?

What is the main function of the basal lamina in epithelial tissue?

What type of junctions are formed between epithelial cells to fit them close together?

What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue that allows it to resist stretching and tearing?

What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue that allows it to rapidly reproduce?

What is the characteristic of epithelial tissue that distinguishes it from other tissue types?

Characteristics of Epithelial Tissue

Epithelial cells have motile cilia (hair-like projections) on their free surface, which help push substances along.
The basal lamina is a thin, supporting sheet that separates the epithelial cells from the underlying tissue, acting as a filter to allow or inhibit certain molecules from passing into the epithelium.

Polarity

Epithelial cells have an apical surface and a lower attached basal surface that differ in structure and function.
The apical surface often has microvilli (small extensions of the plasma membrane) that increase the surface area.

Specialized Contacts

Epithelial cells fit close together to form continuous sheets, with specialized contacts such as:
- Tight junctions
- Gap junctions
- Desmosomes

Support and Structure

The reticular lamina, located deep to the basal lamina, forms the basement membrane that reinforces the epithelium and helps it resist stretching and tearing.
The epithelium is supported by underlying connective tissue.

Vascularization

Epithelial layers contain no blood vessels (avascular).

Regeneration

Epithelial tissue has a high regenerative capacity, allowing it to reproduce rapidly as long as it receives adequate nutrition.

Learn about the features of epithelial cells, including motile cilia and basal lamina, and their polarity with apical and basal surfaces. Understand their structure and function.