Characteristics of Bacteria Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What are the criteria that scientists use to define 'life'?

  • Organization, metabolism, reproduction, evolutionary history, response to stimuli
  • Evolutionary history, homeostasis, energy use, growth, organization
  • Organization, homeostasis, response to stimuli, energy use, growth and reproduction, evolutionary history (correct)
  • Metabolism, growth, response to stimuli, reproduction, homeostasis

    • How do cells fit into the mold of living things?

  • By being the building blocks of life
  • By performing processes such as organization, homeostasis, response to stimuli, energy use, growth, and reproduction (correct)
  • By being the smallest unit of life in living organisms
  • By being highly organized and responding to stimuli

    • What is homeostasis?

  • The ability to respond to stimuli
  • Maintaining a constant internal environment (correct)
  • The growth and development of an organism
  • The process of evolution

    • How are living organisms organized?

    <p>Living organisms have body parts in specific places, similar in every individual of the species</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of organelles in cells?

    <p>Organelles perform specific jobs within the cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does 'homeostasis' mean?

    <p>Maintaining a stable internal environment within an organism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size range typically observed for the smallest unicellular eukaryotes?

    <p>10 to 100 microns</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are bacteria classified based on their reaction to the Gram stain?

    <p>Gram-negative and Gram-positive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What gives most bacteria support and contributes to their structure and shape?

    <p>Cell wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of bacteria do not need oxygen but can survive in its presence?

    <p>Facultative anaerobes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What process do bacteria use to reproduce?

    <p>Binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which kingdom includes unicellular, eukaryotic organisms that live in aquatic habitats?

    <p>Protista</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which mode of reproduction involves the parent cell dividing into fragments to form identical daughter cells?

    <p>Fragmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main means of transport of substances across the cell membrane in unicellular organisms?

    <p>Diffusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of unicellular organism can perform both photoautotrophic and saprophytic nutrition?

    <p>Euglena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main feature that distinguishes prokaryotes from eukaryotes?

    <p>Presence of a true nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which domain groups living things into Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya?

    <p>Archaea</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the size range of bacteria in terms of length or circumference?

    <p>1-5 micrometers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do cells take in nutrients?

    <p>Through a process called endocytosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the chloroplast in plant cells?

    <p>To convert energy from sunlight into sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the process by which individual cells in the body divide to make more cells?

    <p>Mitosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some examples of unicellular organisms?

    <p>Amoeba, Paramecium, and Euglena</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the cell membrane in a unicellular organism?

    <p>To maintain homeostasis and separate the cell interior from the external environment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do unicellular organisms usually reproduce?

    <p>By asexual reproduction involving a single parent cell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining characteristic of protists?

    <p>They have membrane-bound organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a defining feature of prokaryotic organisms?

    <p>Absence of membrane-bound organelles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of protozoans?

    <p>They can be parasitic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes ciliates from other protozoans?

    <p>They have hair-like structures called cilia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a defining feature of flagellates?

    <p>Ability to produce their own energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the distinguishing characteristic of heliozoans?

    <p>Secretion of silica shell from cytoplasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary energy source for diatoms?

    <p>Sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the flagella in dinoflagellates?

    <p>Locomotion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do Dinoflagellates cause red tides?

    <p>They produce toxins that affect marine life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes multicellular organisms from unicellular organisms?

    <p>Size and complexity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which category of organisms lack a nucleus and are unicellular?

    <p>Eubacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main distinguishing feature between kingdom Plantae and kingdom Protista?

    <p>Presence of cell walls</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which kingdom contains non-motile, heterotrophic organisms with structurally different cell walls from plant cells?

    <p>Fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What characteristic sets animals apart from fungi?

    <p>Motility and method of digestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What allows multicellular organisms to have more complex body processes?

    <p>Specialized cells performing different roles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of chloroplasts in multicellular autotrophs?

    <p>Food synthesis using sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Criteria for Life

    • Scientists define life based on criteria such as organization, metabolism, homeostasis, growth, reproduction, response to stimuli, and evolution.

    Cell Structure and Organization

    • Cells are the basic units of life, and are organized into tissues, organs, and systems.
    • Homeostasis is the ability of cells to maintain a stable internal environment despite changes in the external environment.
    • Cells are organized into three domains: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya.
    • Organelles are specialized structures within cells that perform specific functions.

    Cell Membrane and Transport

    • The cell membrane is the main means of transport of substances across the cell membrane in unicellular organisms.
    • Cells take in nutrients through active transport, passive transport, and endocytosis.

    Bacteria

    • Bacteria are classified based on their reaction to the Gram stain, which distinguishes between Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria.
    • Peptidoglycan (also known as murein) gives most bacteria support and contributes to their structure and shape.
    • Bacteria can reproduce through a process called binary fission.
    • Some bacteria, such as facultative anaerobes, do not need oxygen but can survive in its presence.

    Unicellular Organisms

    • Unicellular eukaryotes, such as protists, are typically between 10-30 micrometers in size.
    • Protists are a diverse group of eukaryotic organisms that include protozoa, algae, and fungi.
    • Examples of unicellular organisms include Paramecium, Amoeba, and Euglena.
    • Unicellular organisms usually reproduce through binary fission or budding.

    Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes

    • The main feature that distinguishes prokaryotes from eukaryotes is the presence of a true nucleus.
    • Prokaryotes lack a nucleus and are typically small, simple cells.

    Kingdoms and Domains

    • The kingdom Protista includes unicellular, eukaryotic organisms that live in aquatic habitats.
    • The kingdom Plantae includes multicellular, autotrophic organisms that have cell walls made of cellulose.
    • The kingdom Fungi includes non-motile, heterotrophic organisms with structurally different cell walls from plant cells.

    Characteristics of Unicellular Organisms

    • A defining characteristic of protists is their ability to perform both photoautotrophic and saprophytic nutrition.
    • Protozoans are a group of protists that are characterized by their ability to move using flagella, cilia, or pseudopodia.
    • Ciliates are a type of protozoan that are distinguished by their cilia, which are used for movement.
    • Flagellates are a type of protozoan that are characterized by their flagella, which are used for movement.
    • Heliozoans are a type of protozoan that are characterized by their axopodia, which are used for capturing prey.

    Multicellular Organisms

    • Multicellular organisms are distinguished from unicellular organisms by their ability to have more complex body processes.
    • The primary energy source for diatoms is sunlight.
    • The main function of the flagella in dinoflagellates is to provide movement.
    • Dinoflagellates cause red tides due to their ability to produce toxins.
    • Multicellular organisms are able to have more complex body processes due to their ability to specialize cells and tissues.

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    Test your knowledge of the characteristics of bacteria, including their size, cellular structure, and habitats. Learn about the unique features of these unicellular organisms.

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