Podcast
Questions and Answers
What does the term "litera" mean in Latin?
What does the term "litera" mean in Latin?
Letter
What are the four quarters of the Philippine Historical Age?
What are the four quarters of the Philippine Historical Age?
Literature can be considered a part of history.
Literature can be considered a part of history.
True
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of post-colonial literature in the Philippines?
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of post-colonial literature in the Philippines?
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The "Modernismo" literary style originated in the Philippines.
The "Modernismo" literary style originated in the Philippines.
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Which method of reading and interpreting literary texts is most commonly used in the Philippines?
Which method of reading and interpreting literary texts is most commonly used in the Philippines?
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What are the three main types of literature?
What are the three main types of literature?
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What is the purpose of escape literature?
What is the purpose of escape literature?
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Which TWO elements are involved in the older concept of character in literary works?
Which TWO elements are involved in the older concept of character in literary works?
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What is the name of the famous Ilocano epic poem?
What is the name of the famous Ilocano epic poem?
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The epic poem "______" is generally translated to “Tales From The Mount of The Halawod River.”
The epic poem "______" is generally translated to “Tales From The Mount of The Halawod River.”
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What is the literary movement referred to when studying the importance of reading literary works?
What is the literary movement referred to when studying the importance of reading literary works?
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Study Notes
Chapter IV: Literary Arts
- Intended learning outcomes: students should be able to discuss historical background, determine different types, identify famous Philippine literature, identify literary elements and compose original literary artworks.
- Literature: derived from Latin term "litera" meaning letter. Represents a culture and tradition, but it's more than a historical artifact; it allows experiencing new worlds and fostering personal growth through stories, poems, etc. It can include creative writing, technical works, and more.
- Literature and History: closely interconnected. Literature encompasses feelings, aspirations, customs, and traditions, which reflects the history of a people. History can be written down, making literature a part of history. However, literature can be imaginative, while history documents actual events.
- Ancient Filipino Literature: similar to other cultures, it emerged through various groups (Negritos, Indonesians, Malays). Oral traditions preceded written forms, but most pre-foreign-contact writing was destroyed.
Time of the Spanish
- Tomas Pinpin (17th century): a Tagalog publisher who wrote a book used to teach Spanish to foreigners. His book noted Tagalog.
Time for Americans
- Writing in Spanish: pre-American period documented Spanish-language literature primarily focused on nationalism or Catholic texts.
- Philippine national novels (e.g., Noli Me Tangere, El Filibusterismo) were written in Spanish.
Post-colonial literature
- Characteristics: experimental literature, using English and American literary styles and forms, expressing a search for Filipino identity, and incorporating the Filipino experience.
- Important Filipino authors/writers of this era include: Jose Garcia Villa, Manuel Arguilla, Carlos Bulosan, Bienvenido Santos, among others.
Modern Literature (20th & 21st Centuries)
- Further literary development, expanding on the post-colonial period, with a focus on Filipino modern experiences, with examples of prominent writers.
Methods of Reading and Interpretation
- Historical approach: examining the literary text's historical background and influences and the historical contexts for its creation, to determine how historical events and situations have influenced the text.
- Formalistic approach: analyzing the literary text itself, without considering surrounding contexts or events, but emphasizing elements like structure, language, and literary devices.
Literary Compositions that Influenced the World
- The Bible: basis of Christianity, originating from Palestine and Greece.
- Quran: originating from Arabia
- Iliad and Odyssey: Greek myths and legends
- Mahab-harata: Indian religious epic
- Canterbury Tales: English medieval epic, with details regarding medieval English religious and customs
- Uncle Tom's Cabin: anti-slavery work, influencing democracy
- Divine Comedy: detailing the religious and cultural aspects of early Italy.
- Song of Roland: detailing French culture and characteristics.
- Book of the Dead: Egyptian mythology and theology
- Book of the Days: Arabian Night's stories, detailing culture and government of the Arabs and Persians.
Philippine Literature
- Pre-colonial: oral traditions, epics (e.g., Darangen), fables, legends, riddles, proverbs.
- Colonial influences: Spanish influence brought writing and impacted the way stories were told; American period introduced English language literature and literary forms.
- Contemporary period: continued development, various forms.
Characteristics of Philippine Literature
- Expressive of social truth and fictional imagery, engaging the viewer's senses.
Classification of Literature
- Escape literature: providing temporary escape from reality, emphasizing pleasure.
- Interpretative literature: aimed at enhancing understanding of life experiences, combining pleasure and knowledge.
Elements of Poetry
- Denotation/Connotation: literal and implied meanings of words.
- Imagery: representation of sense experiences through language.
- Figurative language: (e.g., simile, metaphor)
- Rhythm and Meter: repetition, and patterned arrangement, giving poetry a musical quality.
- Meaning and Idea: conveying concepts, universal or personal truths, or a combination of both.
Elements of a Short Story
- Plot: sequence of events,
- Character: individuals involved in the story.
- Theme: central idea, message, or the unifying principle.
- Imagery: description of events, using sensory information to portray events.
- Symbols and Ironies: providing deeper meanings to objects or situations.
Elements of the Essay
- Issue introduced: writer's purpose.
- Writer's viewpoint and thought: expressing personal opinions, and thoughts.
- Relevance of the issue/theme to the reader: connecting with the reader and their perceptions and understanding.
Elements of the Novel
- Setting: crucial context of time and place, including the entire atmosphere.
- Plot: significant events and actions; the plot is the storyline.
- Characters: individuals with their roles in the story; characters involve morality, behavior, emotional and intellectual traits.
- Theme: the central idea expressed in the novel.
Elements of Drama
- Plot: the sequence of events in a play.
- Characters: the individuals involved.
- Thought: the underlying ideas and emotions.
- Language: dialogues.
- Climax and Denouement.
- Music and Spectacles.
- Costumes and make-up.
- Scenery and Lighting.
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Description
This quiz explores the elements of Literary Arts as outlined in Chapter IV. Students will discuss historical backgrounds, identify different types of Philippine literature, and analyze literary elements while creating original works. Understanding the relationship between literature and history is key to appreciating cultural significance in literature.
