Chapter 8

Questions and Answers

What is the definition of thinking according to the text?

Mental activities (conscious + non) used to form judgments, reason, evaluate, solve problems, and act; consists of thoughts, feelings, and mental states.

What does the text describe as the 'tip of the iceberg' in terms of thinking?

Aspects of thinking that people can consciously describe.

What are the aspects of thinking that people actually don't know or are not fully aware of?

The process of thinking that takes place outside conscious awareness.

What is cognition according to the text and what does it include?

Cognition is all mental activities associated with thinking, including knowing, remembering, solving problems, making judgments and decisions, and communicating. Signup and view all the answers

What is the focus of cognitive psychology as described in the text?

The scientific study of mental activities associated with thinking and how they operate. Signup and view all the answers

What are the mental activities used to form judgments, reason, evaluate, solve problems, and act, as described in the text?

Thoughts, feelings, and mental states Signup and view all the answers

What does the text describe as the aspects of thinking that people can consciously describe, yet are just the 'tip of the iceberg'?

Thoughts, feelings, and mental states Signup and view all the answers

How is thinking intimately tied to learning, memory, and emotion, according to the text?

Thinking uses knowledge to consider future actions and potential consequences, and it takes place outside conscious awareness. Signup and view all the answers

What does cognition include, as described in the text?

Knowing, remembering, solving problems, making judgments and decisions, and communicating Signup and view all the answers

What is cognitive psychology, as described in the text?

The scientific study of mental activities associated with thinking and how they operate Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Thinking and Cognition

Thinking is the mental process of manipulation and transformation of information to form concepts, solve problems, and make decisions.
The conscious aspects of thinking, such as reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making, are just the 'tip of the iceberg' of the total thinking process.
People are not fully aware of the aspects of thinking that occur below the conscious level, such as emotions, biases, and unconscious attitudes.

Cognition

Cognition refers to the mental processes that allow us to perceive, process, and respond to information from the environment.
Cognition includes attention, perception, memory, language, learning, problem-solving, reasoning, and decision-making.

Cognitive Psychology

Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes, including perception, attention, memory, language, learning, problem-solving, and decision-making.
The focus of cognitive psychology is on understanding how we process information, how we think, and how we behave.

Mental Activities

Mental activities, such as reasoning, evaluation, problem-solving, and judgment, are used to form judgments, reason, evaluate, solve problems, and act.

Thinking and Learning

Thinking is intimately tied to learning, memory, and emotion, as they are all interdependent and influence one another.

Cognitive Psychology and Cognition

Cognitive psychology is concerned with understanding cognition, which includes all the mental processes involved in perceiving, processing, and responding to information.

Description

Test your knowledge of thought, language, and intelligence integrated with memory in Chapter 8 with this quiz. Explore the definition of thinking and the mental activities involved in forming judgments, reasoning, evaluating, problem-solving, and more. Challenge yourself to understand the various aspects of thinking that people can consciously describe.