Chapter 6 Molecules of Adaptive Immunity Quiz

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What is the primary function of C3b in the complement system?

To cleave C5 into C5a and C5b

To directly bind to the cell surface and tag it for phagocytosis (correct)

To activate the assembly of the membrane attack complex (MAC)

To act as a chemoattractant

Which of the following is a key step in the construction of the membrane attack complex (MAC)?

C5b attaches to the cell and allows activation and assembly of C6, C7, C8, and C9 (correct)

C3b binds directly to the cell surface

C5 convertase cleaves C5 into C5a and C5b

C3a acts as a chemoattractant

What is the main function of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules?

To code for enzymes and structural molecules needed for activation and function of B and T cells

To directly bind to the cell surface and tag it for phagocytosis

To act as chemoattractants and facilitate cellular communication

To bind to T cell receptors and present peptides for recognition (correct)

Which of the following is a key difference between MHC class I and MHC class II molecules?

MHC class I molecules are involved in the presentation of peptides to CD8+ T cells, while MHC class II molecules are involved in the presentation of peptides to CD4+ T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of T cell receptors (TCRs)?

To interact with epitopes (peptides) that are bound to either MHC class I or class II molecules on a cell as peptide-MHC (pMHC) complexes Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key feature of the T cell receptor (TCR)?

It consists of a polypeptide pair and a CD3 complex that provides signaling Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of cytokines in the immune response?

To act as chemoattractants and facilitate cellular growth, differentiation, inflammation, and repair Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a key difference between CD4+ and CD8+ T cells?

CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells both interact with peptides bound to either MHC class I or class II molecules Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the CD3 complex associated with the T cell receptor (TCR)?

To provide signaling for the T cell receptor (TCR) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of immunoglobulins?

Interact with body systems for biological activities Signup and view all the answers

How many polypeptide chains are present in the basic monomeric structure of immunoglobulins?

2 Heavy chains and 2 Light chains Signup and view all the answers

Which domain contains a variable domain and 1 or more constant domains in the Light chain of immunoglobulins?

Variable domain Signup and view all the answers

How many types of H chains determine the Class (Isotype) of immunoglobulins?

5 types Signup and view all the answers

Where are the antigen-binding sites located on an immunoglobulin molecule?

Variable domain of the Light chain Signup and view all the answers

How many domains do Light chains have in an immunoglobulin monomer?

2 domains Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the Hinge Region in an immunoglobulin molecule?

Link Heavy chains with Light chains Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule is associated with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and involved in signaling once the TCR is engaged?

CD3 complex Signup and view all the answers

Which immunoglobulin class is mainly responsible for activating complement through the Classical Pathway?

IgM Signup and view all the answers

How many subclasses does Immunoglobulin A (IgA) have?

2 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells recognize MHC class II molecules on cells?

Helper T cells Signup and view all the answers

Which immunoglobulin can cross the placenta?

IgG Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism by which the immune system avoids constantly responding to self-antigens and innocuous environmental antigens?

Tolerance mechanisms Signup and view all the answers

What is the state of lymphocyte unresponsiveness called?

Anergy Signup and view all the answers

Which immunoglobulin class is primarily involved in immediate hypersensitivity reactions?

IgE Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a reason for the presence of antibodies to a specific pathogen?

Autoimmune disorder Signup and view all the answers

Which immunoglobulin class is the main Ig of the secondary response?

IgG Signup and view all the answers

How many antigen-binding sites does Immunoglobulin M (IgM) have?

10 Signup and view all the answers

Which type of immunodiagnostic procedure is used to detect either antigens or antibodies in clinical specimens?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

Which immunoglobulin class is found mainly as a monomer on nave B cells?

IgD Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecules permit cellular communication and provide stable cell-to-cell contact?

Adhesion molecules Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about T and B cells is correct?

T and B cells require two signals to be activated. Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of serum Igs does Immunoglobulin D (IgD) represent?

Less than 1% Signup and view all the answers

Which type of cells recognize MHC class I molecules on cells?

Cytotoxic T cells and suppressor T cells Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a result of the classical pathway of complement activation?

Activation of the alternative complement pathway Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the C1 complex is correct?

It is composed of three subunits: C1q, C1r, and C1s Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the C4b2b3b complex in the classical complement pathway?

It is a C5 convertase that cleaves C5 into C5a and C5b Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following events occurs first in the classical complement pathway?

Binding of C1q to the antigen-antibody complex Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following immunoglobulins can initiate the classical complement pathway when bound to an antigen?

IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgM Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the C3a and C5a components in the classical complement pathway?

They act as anaphylatoxins, inducing an inflammatory response Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the classical complement pathway is correct?