Chapter 5: Understanding DNA Mutation
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Questions and Answers

What is mutation?

  • A phenomenon resulting in recombination of DNA sequences
  • A phenomenon resulting in alteration of DNA sequences (correct)
  • A phenomenon resulting in duplication of DNA sequences
  • A phenomenon resulting in deletion of DNA sequences

What is a classical example of point mutation?

  • Hemophilia
  • Cystic fibrosis
  • Sickle cell anemia (correct)
  • Down syndrome

What is the result of frame-shift mutations?

  • Alteration in chromosomes (correct)
  • Deletion of entire chromosomes
  • Insertion of base pairs of DNA
  • Duplication of DNA sequences

What is the term for mating between relatives?

<p>Consanguineous mating (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In addition to recombination, what is another phenomenon that leads to variation in DNA?

<p>Mutation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the chemical and physical factors that induce mutations referred to as?

<p>Mutagens (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does loss (deletions) or gain (insertion/duplication) of a segment of DNA result in?

<p>Mutation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of a mutation in DNA sequences?

<p>Changes in the genotype and phenotype (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phenomenon leads to variation in DNA, in addition to recombination?

<p>Mutation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are genes known to be located, which make them susceptible to alterations due to chromosomal aberrations?

<p>Nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a mutation that arises from a change in a single base pair of DNA?

<p>Point mutation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon results in alteration of DNA sequences?

<p>Mutation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where are genes known to be located?

<p>Chromosomes (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a change in a single base pair of DNA?

<p>Point mutation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What causes frame-shift mutations?

<p>Deletions and insertions of base pairs of DNA (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which phenomenon leads to variation in DNA, along with recombination?

<p>Mutation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What results from loss or gain of a segment of DNA?

<p>Chromosomal aberration (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What induces mutations and is referred to as mutagens?

<p>Chemical and physical factors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which cells are chromosomal aberrations commonly observed?

<p>Cancer cells (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Mutation

A phenomenon resulting in alteration of DNA sequences.

Point mutation

A change in a single base pair of DNA.

Frame-shift mutation

A mutation caused by insertion or deletion of DNA base pairs.

Consanguineous mating

Mating between closely related individuals.

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Mutagens

Chemical and physical factors that induce mutations.

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Chromosomal aberration

A change in the structure or number of chromosomes.

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Genotype and phenotype changes

Changes in the genotype and phenotype of an organism as a result of a DNA mutation.

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Genes are located in chromosomes

Location of genes within the cell.

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Alteration in chromosomes

Alteration in chromosomes due to mutations.

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Cancer cells

Cells that commonly exhibit chromosomal aberrations.

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Mutation in evolution

One of the main drivers of DNA variation along with recombination.

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Sickle cell anemia

A classic example of a point mutation.

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Alteration in chromosomes

The result of a frame-shift mutation.

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Deletions and insertions in mutations

The term for a loss or gain of a segment of DNA.

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Point mutation

A mutation arises from a change in a single base pair.

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Chromosomes and genes

Cells where genes are found and susceptible to alterations due to chromosomal aberrations.

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Mutation

The primary phenomenon responsible for altering DNA sequences.

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Mutation and recombination

The driving force behind variations in DNA.

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Mutagens

Agents that lead to changes in DNA.

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