Integumentary System Quiz & Flashcards

Questions and Answers

Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer.

Melanomas are rare but must be removed quickly to prevent them from metastasizing. (correct)

Squamous cell carcinomas arise from the stratum corneum.

Most tumors that arise on the skin are malignant.

Basal cell carcinomas are the least common but most malignant.

The major regions of a hair shaft include all of the following except ________.

Cuticle

Medulla

External root sheath (correct)

Cortex

The single most important risk for skin cancer is ________.

Overexposure to UV radiation (correct)

Use of farm chemicals

Race

Genetics

A splinter penetrated into the skin of the sole of the foot, almost to the papillary region of the dermis. Which layer of the epidermis would be the final layer injured?

Basale Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a skin sensory receptor for touch?

Tactile corpuscle Signup and view all the answers

Which statement correctly explains why hair appears the way it does?

Kinky hair has flat, ribbonlike hair shafts. Signup and view all the answers

The function of the root hair plexus is to ________.

Allow the hair to assist in touch sensation Signup and view all the answers

Which glands produce ear wax?

Ceruminous glands Signup and view all the answers

The reason the hypodermis acts as a shock absorber is that ________.

The major part of its makeup is adipose, which serves as an effective shock absorber Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following cells and their functions are correctly matched?

Dendritic cells activate the immune system Signup and view all the answers

Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage when keratinocytes ________.

Accumulate the melanin granules on their superficial portion, forming a UV-blocking pigment layer Signup and view all the answers

The epidermis consists of five layers of cells, which layer is responsible for cell division and replacement?

Stratum basale Signup and view all the answers

Water loss through the epidermis could cause a serious threat to health and well-being. Which of the following protects us against excessive water loss through the skin?

Glycolipids that are secreted by keratinocytes into extracellular spaces. Signup and view all the answers

The dermis is a strong, flexible connective tissue layer. Which of the following cell types are likely to be found in the dermis?

Fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells Signup and view all the answers

The dermis has two major layers. Which layer constitutes 80% of the dermis and is responsible for the tension lines in the skin?

The reticular layer Signup and view all the answers

Despite its apparent durability, the dermis is subject to tearing. How might a person know that the dermis has been previously stretched and/or torn?

The appearance of visible, silvery-white scars is an indication of stretching of the dermis. Signup and view all the answers

The papillary layer of the dermis is composed of loosely packed connective tissue with numerous peg-like projections that provide a great deal of surface area connecting the dermis to the epidermis. Which of the statements below do not represent benefits provided by the papillary layer's anatomy?

The looseness allows for easy separation of the dead cell layer of epidermis to be shed. Signup and view all the answers

The friction ridges seen in finger, palm and foot prints are different among various people but very similar between identical twins. This evidence suggests which of the following?

That friction ridges are genetically determined. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements indicates the way in which the body's natural defenses protect the skin from the effects of UV damage?

Prolonged exposure to the sun induces melanin dispersion, which in turn acts as a natural sunscreen. Signup and view all the answers

What are the most important factors influencing hair growth?

Nutrition and hormones Signup and view all the answers

Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized as two distinct types. Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?

Eccrine and apocrine Signup and view all the answers

The composition of the secretions of the eccrine glands is ________.

99% water, sodium chloride, trace amounts of wastes, and vitamin C Signup and view all the answers

Apocrine glands, which begin to function at puberty under hormonal influence, seem to play little role in thermoregulation. Where would we find these glands in the human body?

In the axillary and anogenital area Signup and view all the answers

The sebaceous glands are simple alveolar glands that secrete a substance known as sebum. The secretion of sebum is stimulated ________.

By hormones, especially androgens Signup and view all the answers

In addition to protection (physical and chemical barrier), the skin serves other functions. Which of the following is another vital function of the skin?

It converts modified epidermal cholesterol to a vitamin D precursor important to calcium metabolism. Signup and view all the answers

Burns are devastating and debilitating because of loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. How do physicians estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss?

By using the 'rule of nines' Signup and view all the answers

Eyebrow hairs are always shorter than hairs on your head because ________.

Eyebrow follicles are only active for a few months Signup and view all the answers

Cells of the stratum spinosum have many interlocking desmosomes that will remain between the cells as they migrate to the stratum corneum. These cell junctions serve the body by ________.

Preventing mechanical stress or trauma from damaging the epidermis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples illustrates homeostasis maintained by a negative feedback?

Thickening of epidermis to form a callus in places where the skin is exposed to friction. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples illustrates homeostasis maintained by a negative feedback?

Release of chemical signals by keratinocytes that have been damaged by UV light that will increase the production of melanin. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following examples illustrates homeostasis maintained by a negative feedback?

Release of sweat by eccrine glands in response to heat. Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of skin is LEAST protected by melanin?

Stratum corneum Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the epidermis will be supplied with the highest levels of oxygen from the blood?

Stratum basale Signup and view all the answers

A patient has skin that is slightly blue in color. A likely treatment for this person might be ________.

Giving the patient supplemental oxygen by mask Signup and view all the answers

The arrector pili muscle's predominant, useful function in humans is to ________.

Assisting in the release of sebum from nearby sebaceous glands Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not one of the functions of the skin?

Gives the body its overall shape, loss of this function can be seen with the drooping of skin with age. Signup and view all the answers

All of the following will help the skin to fight infection but one. Which of the following will have little effect on the skin's ability to fight infection?

Greater production of melanin. Signup and view all the answers

A light-skinned person who is very cold may have a pale appearance. Which of the following is the best explanation for why this might be so?

The person's blood vessels in the dermis have undergone vasoconstriction (narrowing). Signup and view all the answers

A surgeon opens her patient by cutting the integument parallel to the cleavage lines of the dermis (tension lines). This will result in ________.

Faster healing of the skin and less scarring Signup and view all the answers

A light-skinned person may appear pink when they become overheated. The best explanation for this is ________.

The blood vessels of the dermis have undergone vasodilation, bringing a greater volume of blood to the skin. Signup and view all the answers

William has a cut that is superficial, painful but not bleeding. Based on this information you would predict that the cut has penetrated to ________.

The stratum basale but not the dermal layers Signup and view all the answers

The surge of sex hormones that accompanies puberty has a wide range of effects on the body. One of those effects is to enhance the activity of the sebaceous glands, increasing the production of sebum. Which of the following is the most likely to result from the increased sebaceous activity?

Increased oily appearance and more acne. Signup and view all the answers

Which type of skin cancer appears as a scaly reddened papule and tends to grow rapidly and metastasize?

Squamous cell carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order?

Corneum, granulosum, spinosum, basale Signup and view all the answers

What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn?

Catastrophic fluid loss Signup and view all the answers

When a patient is said to have 'third-degree burns,' this indicates that the patient has burns that cover approximately one-third or more of the body.

False Signup and view all the answers

Joe just burned himself on a hot pot. A blister forms and the burn is painful. Joe's burn would best be described as a third-degree burn.

False Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Skin Cancer

Melanomas must be removed quickly to prevent metastasis; they are rare.
Basal cell carcinomas are the most common skin cancers but are usually less malignant compared to others.
Squamous cell carcinomas arise from the stratum corneum.

Hair Structure

Hair shafts consist of cortex, cuticle, and medulla. The external root sheath is not a major region.
Hair growth is influenced by nutrition and hormones, with the size and number of hair follicles playing a role.

Skin Layers and Damage

The epidermis has five layers; the stratum basale is responsible for cell division.
A splinter reaching the papillary region of the dermis would injure the stratum basale last.
Cells in the stratum spinosum connect via desmosomes, providing mechanical strength to the epidermis.

Sensory Receptors

Tactile corpuscles are the primary sensory receptors for touch in the skin.
The root hair plexus assists in touch sensation related to hair follicles.

Glandular Functions

Ceruminous glands are responsible for producing ear wax.
Sebaceous glands secrete sebum and are activated by hormones, especially androgens.
Apocrine glands function primarily in the axillary and anogenital regions and become active at puberty.

Dermis Composition and Function

The dermis comprises fibroblasts, macrophages, and mast cells, offering strength and flexibility.
The reticular layer forms 80% of the dermis and dictates skin tension lines.
The papillary layer contains structures that provide nutrients to the epidermis and enhance sensory perception.

Skin Protection and Homeostasis

Glycolipids secreted by keratinocytes help prevent excessive water loss through the skin.
The skin protects against UV damage by synthesizing melanin which helps block harmful rays.
Changes in skin color can indicate various conditions, including Addison's disease, which may present as a bronze appearance.

Burns and Treatment

The "rule of nines" is used to estimate body surface area affected by burns, indicating fluid loss risk.
Third-degree burns do not typically present with pain due to sensory nerve damage.
A superficial, painful cut that does not bleed likely penetrates to the stratum basale.

Hair Characteristics

Eyebrow hairs are shorter than scalp hair due to their follicles being active for only a few months.

Skin Color and Conditions

A skin appearance can signify underlying conditions; for example, a blue tint may suggest oxygen deficiency.
Skin's tachycardia or blushing can occur due to vasodilation of dermal blood vessels, enhancing blood flow during overheating.

Key Terms

Sebum: Oily substance produced by sebaceous glands, increases during hormonal changes.
Adenoma: Non-cancerous glandular tumor; recognition of skin growth types is crucial in dermatological assessments.
Dermatological Assessment: Methods include evaluating skin types and identifying potential malignancies through visual exams and biopsies.

General Functions of the Skin

Functions include protection, insulation, sensation, vitamin D synthesis, and regulation of water loss.
The skin's structure contributes to its ability to serve as a barrier and sensory organ, highlighting the interconnectedness of skin layers and their associated functions.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the integumentary system with this quiz, focusing on skin cancer and the anatomy of hair shafts. Each question is designed to challenge your understanding of important concepts covered in Chapter 5. Perfect for students looking to reinforce their learning.

Chapter 5 - The Integumentary System Quiz

Questions and Answers

Select the most correct statement concerning skin cancer.

The major regions of a hair shaft include all of the following except ________.

The single most important risk for skin cancer is ________.

A splinter penetrated into the skin of the sole of the foot, almost to the papillary region of the dermis. Which layer of the epidermis would be the final layer injured?

Which of the following is a skin sensory receptor for touch?

Which statement correctly explains why hair appears the way it does?

The function of the root hair plexus is to ________.

Which glands produce ear wax?

The reason the hypodermis acts as a shock absorber is that ________.

Which of the following cells and their functions are correctly matched?

Melanocytes and keratinocytes work together in protecting the skin from UV damage when keratinocytes ________.

The epidermis consists of five layers of cells, which layer is responsible for cell division and replacement?

Water loss through the epidermis could cause a serious threat to health and well-being. Which of the following protects us against excessive water loss through the skin?

The dermis is a strong, flexible connective tissue layer. Which of the following cell types are likely to be found in the dermis?

The dermis has two major layers. Which layer constitutes 80% of the dermis and is responsible for the tension lines in the skin?

Despite its apparent durability, the dermis is subject to tearing. How might a person know that the dermis has been previously stretched and/or torn?

The papillary layer of the dermis is composed of loosely packed connective tissue with numerous peg-like projections that provide a great deal of surface area connecting the dermis to the epidermis. Which of the statements below do not represent benefits provided by the papillary layer's anatomy?

The friction ridges seen in finger, palm and foot prints are different among various people but very similar between identical twins. This evidence suggests which of the following?

Which of the following statements indicates the way in which the body's natural defenses protect the skin from the effects of UV damage?

What are the most important factors influencing hair growth?

Sudoriferous (sweat) glands are categorized as two distinct types. Which of the following are the two types of sweat glands?

The composition of the secretions of the eccrine glands is ________.

Apocrine glands, which begin to function at puberty under hormonal influence, seem to play little role in thermoregulation. Where would we find these glands in the human body?

The sebaceous glands are simple alveolar glands that secrete a substance known as sebum. The secretion of sebum is stimulated ________.

In addition to protection (physical and chemical barrier), the skin serves other functions. Which of the following is another vital function of the skin?

Burns are devastating and debilitating because of loss of fluids and electrolytes from the body. How do physicians estimate the extent of burn damage associated with such dangerous fluid loss?

Eyebrow hairs are always shorter than hairs on your head because ________.

Cells of the stratum spinosum have many interlocking desmosomes that will remain between the cells as they migrate to the stratum corneum. These cell junctions serve the body by ________.

Which of the following examples illustrates homeostasis maintained by a negative feedback?

Which of the following examples illustrates homeostasis maintained by a negative feedback?

Which of the following examples illustrates homeostasis maintained by a negative feedback?

Which layer of skin is LEAST protected by melanin?

Which layer of the epidermis will be supplied with the highest levels of oxygen from the blood?

A patient has skin that is slightly blue in color. A likely treatment for this person might be ________.

The arrector pili muscle's predominant, useful function in humans is to ________.

Which of the following is not one of the functions of the skin?

All of the following will help the skin to fight infection but one. Which of the following will have little effect on the skin's ability to fight infection?

A light-skinned person who is very cold may have a pale appearance. Which of the following is the best explanation for why this might be so?

A surgeon opens her patient by cutting the integument parallel to the cleavage lines of the dermis (tension lines). This will result in ________.

A light-skinned person may appear pink when they become overheated. The best explanation for this is ________.

William has a cut that is superficial, painful but not bleeding. Based on this information you would predict that the cut has penetrated to ________.

The surge of sex hormones that accompanies puberty has a wide range of effects on the body. One of those effects is to enhance the activity of the sebaceous glands, increasing the production of sebum. Which of the following is the most likely to result from the increased sebaceous activity?

Which type of skin cancer appears as a scaly reddened papule and tends to grow rapidly and metastasize?

A needle would pierce the epidermal layers of the forearm in which order?

What is the first threat to life from a massive third-degree burn?

When a patient is said to have 'third-degree burns,' this indicates that the patient has burns that cover approximately one-third or more of the body.

Joe just burned himself on a hot pot. A blister forms and the burn is painful. Joe's burn would best be described as a third-degree burn.

Study Notes

Skin Cancer

Hair Structure

Skin Layers and Damage

Sensory Receptors

Glandular Functions

Dermis Composition and Function

Skin Protection and Homeostasis

Burns and Treatment

Hair Characteristics

Skin Color and Conditions

Key Terms

General Functions of the Skin

Studying That Suits You

Description

More Quizzes Like This

Skin Cancer and the Rule of Nines

Skin Cancer and Arthritis Quiz

Skin Cancer Causes and Clinical Implications

Skin Cancer Types and Characteristics