Chapter 40: Hormones 2 The Endocrine System Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which hormone regulates the circadian rhythms and is released in the dark?

  • Dopamine
  • Melatonin (correct)
  • Prolactin
  • Endorphins
  • What is the function of prolactin in birds?

  • Enhances sexual gratification
  • Controls mammary gland development
  • Regulates salt and water balance
  • Stimulates growth of crop sac (correct)
  • Which hormone helps regulate endocrine glands such as thyroid stimulating hormone and growth hormones?

  • Somatostatin
  • Endorphins
  • Dopamine
  • Prolactin (correct)
  • Where is melatonin produced in the body?

    <p>Pineal gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of crop milk in birds?

    <p>Feeding young birds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does light affect the release of melatonin?

    <p>Inhibits its release</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physiological changes do Siberian hamsters undergo in winter?

    <p>They are white and do not reproduce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) secreted by the anterior pituitary?

    <p>Cause the follicles to produce thyroxine (T4)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone does the thyroid gland produce to lower the concentration of calcium in the blood?

    <p>Calcitonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can result in an enlarged thyroid gland known as goiter?

    <p>Excessive production of thyroxine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common cause of hypothyroidism?

    <p>Low TSH levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What key functions do thyroxine (T4) and T3 play in the body?

    <p>Regulate body temperature and heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of osteoclasts in bone remodeling?

    <p>Release Ca++ into the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for stimulating osteoclasts to break down bone?

    <p>Parathyroid hormone (PTH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of calcitonin in regulating blood calcium levels?

    <p>Blocks osteoclasts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the parathyroid glands located in the human body?

    <p>In the neck near the thyroid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones is responsible for reducing blood glucose levels?

    <p>Insulin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Type I diabetes mellitus?

    <p>eta cells destroyed by autoimmune response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland in the brain controls the endocrine system?

    <p>Hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the posterior pituitary gland?

    <p>To store and release hormones produced in the hypothalamus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of oxytocin?

    <p>To stimulate uterine contractions and milk production</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)?

    <p>To regulate water balance in the body</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is oxytocin produced and released from?

    <p>Hypothalamus and posterior pituitary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone is responsible for reducing urine production?

    <p>Anti-diuretic hormone (ADH)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormones are released in response to stress?

    <p>Epinephrine and norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the hormones released during the 'fight-or-flight' response?

    <p>To prepare the body for physical action</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which organ breaks down glycogen to provide glucose during the 'fight-or-flight' response?

    <p>Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the placenta during pregnancy?

    <p>To release gonadotropin hormones</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a function of the sex hormones (estrogen, testosterone, progesterone)?

    <p>Regulation of blood sugar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do the hormones released during the 'fight-or-flight' response affect the body?

    <p>They increase heart rate and dilate blood vessels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

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