Chapter 4: Structure of the Atom

Which scientist is credited with the discovery of the atomic nucleus?

What is the relationship between the mass of an electron and the mass of a hydrogen atom?

What is the charge of a neutron?

Which model of the atom proposed that electrons are distributed in different shells with discrete energy around the nucleus?

What are atoms of different elements with the same mass number called?

What are canal rays?

If an atom contains one electron and one proton, will it carry a net charge?

According to Thomson's model of an atom, the positive charge is distributed in the form of:

Which of the following analogies best represents Thomson's model of an atom?

Which scientist's discovery led to the failure of Dalton's atomic theory?

According to Bohr's model of the atom, why are atoms quite stable?

What subatomic particle was discovered in the nucleus of an atom according to Rutherford's model?

According to Thomson's model, how is the atom as a whole neutral?

If the $\alpha$-particle scattering experiment is carried out using a foil of a metal other than gold, what observation would you expect?

What was the major contribution of Neils Bohr to the understanding of atomic structure?

Which of the following experiments provided evidence that atoms are divisible and have smaller constituents?

What is the overall charge of an atom in its neutral state?

Which of the following statements about canal rays is correct?

Which subatomic particle was discovered by J.J. Thomson through his cathode ray experiment?

According to the Thomson model of the atom, what is the distribution of positive and negative charges within the atom?

What did Rutherford conclude about the space inside an atom based on the alpha-particle scattering experiment?

Why did Rutherford conclude that the nucleus of an atom is very small?

What was one of the main drawbacks of Rutherford's model of the atom?

According to Rutherford's nuclear model, where does nearly all of the mass of an atom reside?

Why did Rutherford suggest that charged particles would radiate energy if they revolved in circular orbits?

What is the name of the subatomic particle discovered by Chadwick that has no charge and a mass nearly equal to that of a proton?

In the helium atom, which has an atomic mass of 4 u and two protons in its nucleus, how many neutrons are present?

According to the formula for the maximum number of electrons in a shell (2n^2), what is the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the N-shell (n=4)?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the distribution of electrons in different orbits or shells of an atom?

In the representation of a neutron as 'n', what does the symbol 'n' signify?

According to Thomson's model of the atom, what is the arrangement of electrons within the atom?

What was the primary observation from Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment that contradicted Thomson's model?

If an atom is electrically neutral, what can be inferred about the relationship between the positive and negative charges within the atom?

What was the primary reason for Rutherford's choice of using a gold foil in his alpha particle scattering experiment?

What property of alpha particles made them suitable for Rutherford's scattering experiment?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the canal rays observed by Goldstein in his experiments?

What is the primary difference between Thomson's and Rutherford's models of the atom?

In Rutherford's alpha particle scattering experiment, what was the expected behavior of the alpha particles based on Thomson's model?

Which of the following statements accurately describes the charge distribution within an atom according to Rutherford's model?

What was the primary reason for selecting a gold foil that was approximately 1000 atoms thick in Rutherford's experiment?

What is the valency of magnesium and aluminium?

What is the valency of oxygen calculated based on electron distribution?

How is the maximum number of electrons in the N-shell (n=4) calculated?

How is valency determined for elements with nearly full outer shells like fluorine?

What is the significance of the combining capacity of an element, known as valency?

Explain the distribution of electrons in a carbon atom.

Describe the distribution of electrons in a sodium atom.

If the K and L shells of an atom are full, what is the total number of electrons in the atom?

What is the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the outermost shell of an atom according to the Bohr-Bury model?

Explain why atoms with 8 electrons in their outermost shell show little chemical activity.

Explain the concept of valency in atoms, and how it is related to the number of electrons in the outermost shell.

Describe the electron distribution in the N-shell (n=4) as per the electron distribution table given for the first 18 elements.

What is the electronic configuration of Phosphorus (P) based on the electron distribution table provided?

Explain the significance of achieving an octet in the outermost shell of an atom.

Discuss the key differences between Bohr's atomic model and the earlier atomic models proposed by Thomson and Rutherford.

What is the valency of an element with Z=3? Name the element.

In an atom, what is the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the N-shell (n=4)?

What is the correct electronic configuration of sodium?

In Rutherford's alpha-particle scattering experiment, what was responsible for the discovery of the Atomic Nucleus?

How many valence electrons does a Cl- ion have?

Explain the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the M shell of an atom.

Define valency and provide the valency of silicon and oxygen.

Describe Bohr's model of the atom and explain why it was considered an improvement over previous models.

Summarize the rules for writing the distribution of electrons in the first eighteen elements' shells.

Explain with examples the concept of isotopes and calculate the average atomic mass of a bromine atom given two isotopes.

Explain the concept of isobars in terms of atomic structure.

Describe the electronic configuration of isotopes and isobars.

What is the significance of having complete atomic shells according to Bohr's atomic model?

How do electrons, protons, and neutrons contribute to the structure of an atom?

Explain the concept of sub-atomic particles found in hydrogen isotopes.

Explain how to find the valency of chlorine, sulphur, and magnesium.

If the number of electrons in an atom is 8 and the number of protons is also 8, what is the atomic number of the atom and what is the charge on the atom?

Using Table 4.1, find the mass number of oxygen and sulphur atoms.

What are isotopes and how do they differ from regular atoms?

Explain the concept of atomic number and how it is determined in an atom.

What is the significance of the atomic number in defining elements?

Explain how the symbol of an element is written in atomic notation.

Describe the distribution of positive and negative charges within an atom according to Bohr's model.

What is the maximum number of electrons that can be accommodated in the N-shell (n=4) according to the formula for electron distribution in shells?

Explain why atoms are quite stable according to Bohr's atomic model.