Chapter 4: Managing Risk with IPDE Process

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following are driver-contributed risks? (Select all that apply)

Bald Tires

Adjusting Radio (correct)

Having Blurred Vision (correct)

Drinking While Driving (correct)

What is the acronym IPDE stand for?

Identify, Predict, Decide, Execute

What are vehicle-contributed risks? (Select all that apply)

Bright Sun

Bad Brakes (correct)

Construction

Bald Tires (correct)

What are environment-contributed risks? (Select all that apply)

Snow and Ice Signup and view all the answers

Use orderly visual search pattern to ____________:

identify Signup and view all the answers

Use knowledge, judgment, and experience to ____________:

predict Signup and view all the answers

____________ to use one or more actions to:

decide Signup and view all the answers

____________ your decisions to:

execute Signup and view all the answers

What does commentary driving involve?

Thinking out loud or talking throughout your drive Signup and view all the answers

What is meant by 'space cushion'?

The area of space all around the vehicle Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Smith System?

To help drivers develop good seeing habits that aid the IPDE Process Signup and view all the answers

What is an open zone?

Space where you can drive without restriction Signup and view all the answers

What should you look for when driving?

Open zones, other users, roadway features and conditions, traffic controls Signup and view all the answers

What does 'compromise space' refer to?

Giving as much space as possible to the greater hazard Signup and view all the answers

Define 'traction.'

The actual gripping power between the tires and the roadway surface Signup and view all the answers

What are the responsibilities when executing a decision?

Control speed, steer, communicate, combine actions Signup and view all the answers

What is the 'line of sight'?

The distance you can see ahead in the direction you are looking Signup and view all the answers

The orderly visual search pattern should always be the same.

True Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their definitions:

Zone Control System = An organized method for managing six zones of space around you Field of Vision = The area you can see around you while looking straight ahead Central Vision = The area you can see clearly and sharply up to 10 degrees Peripheral Vision = The area you can see to the left and right of central vision Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Driver-Contributed Risks

Distractions that impair driving include adjusting the radio, anger, blurred vision, grooming, drinking alcohol, and using mobile phones.
Distracted driving increases the likelihood of accidents.

Contributing Risks

Driving risk is influenced by driver-contributed, vehicle-contributed, and environment-contributed factors.

Vehicle-Contributed Risks

Factors affecting vehicle safety include bald tires, inadequate brakes, dirty windshields, broken headlights, and worn windshield wipers.

Environment-Contributed Risks

Environmental hazards include bright sunlight, road construction, shadows, snow and ice, and sharp curves.

IPDE Process

The IPDE process involves four key steps: Identify, Predict, Decide, Execute.

Identify

Utilize a systematic visual search pattern to recognize open and closed zones, roadway features, traffic controls, and other road users.

Predict

Based on knowledge and experience, anticipate actions of other vehicles, their speed and direction, and potential points of conflict.

Decide

Choose actions to change or maintain speed, alter direction, and effectively communicate with other road users.

Execute

Implement decisions by controlling speed, steering, communicating effectively, and combining necessary actions.

Commentary Driving

A technique where drivers verbalize their thought process aloud, enhancing focus by articulating identification, predictions, and decisions.

Space Cushion

The area around your vehicle that provides buffer space and visibility to react effectively.

Smith System

A method to foster effective seeing habits, including:
- Aim high in steering.
- Keep your eyes moving.
- Get the big picture.
- Ensure visibility to others.
- Have an "out" for escape.

Zone Control System

A strategy for managing six zones around a vehicle, enabling timely responses to traffic changes, comprising:
- Observing zone changes.
- Checking other areas.
- Optimizing speed and communication.

Zones

Open zone: An unrestricted area for driving.
Closed zone: A space that is obstructed, limiting travel.
Target area: The roadway section where the target is central to the intended path.

Visual Ranges

Target area range: Distance from vehicle to target area for potential changes.
12-15 second range: Area traveled in the next 12-15 seconds; essential for identifying upcoming changes.
4-6 second range: Distance traveled in the next 4-6 seconds; used for final updates on intended path.

Orderly Visual Search Pattern

A sequence for checking critical areas, such as target area and speedometer, ensuring comprehensive situational awareness.

Vision Types

Field of vision: Overall area visible while looking straight ahead.
Central vision: Sharply viewed area up to 10 degrees.
Peripheral vision: Side view outside central vision.

Key Driving Techniques

Aim high in steering: Look ahead 12-15 seconds.
Keep eyes moving: Regularly scan near and far.
Get the big picture: Anticipate unseen risks in the driving environment.
Ground viewing: Quick glances at roadway conditions for potential hazards.

Communication Methods

Utilize vehicle lights (headlights, brake lights), turn signals, horn, body language, and positioning to convey intentions.

Minimizing Hazards

Increase distance from hazards, adjust speed, communicate effectively, and maneuver strategically to enhance safety.

Outcomes of IPDE Process

Enhanced visibility, accurate decision-making, and more successful execution of driving maneuvers.

Additional Terms

Traction: Gripping ability of tires on the roadway.
Lane Positions: Defined variations in lane positioning for effective driving strategies (positions 1, 2, and 3).

Hazard Management Strategies

Minimize hazards by reducing conflict potential via distance.
Separate hazards to address them one at a time.
Compromise space by yielding more to greater hazards.

Studying That Suits You

Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.

Description

Test your knowledge on the IPDE process with this flashcard quiz. Focus on identifying driver-contributed, vehicle-contributed, and environment-contributed risks. Perfect for those looking to deepen their understanding of safe driving practices.