Biology Chapter 3: Understanding Elements and the Periodic Table

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What is the primary way that elements are organized in the periodic table?

By their atomic weight

By their electron count

By their atomic mass

By their atomic number (correct)

What is the charge of an electron?

Varies depending on the element

No charge

1 negative unit (correct)

1 positive unit

What is the difference between isotopes of the same element?

Different number of neutrons (correct)

Different number of electrons

Different atomic mass units

Different number of protons

What is the purpose of the atomic number of an element?

To uniquely identify an element Signup and view all the answers

What is the outermost shell of an atom called?

Valence shell Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a radioisotope?

An unstable isotope that emits radiation Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of water?

It is a good solvent Signup and view all the answers

What is an acid?

A substance that releases hydrogen ions in water Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH of a neutral solution?

pH 7 Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of a base?

Releases hydroxide ions in water Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of water in the body?

To transport substances and remove waste products Signup and view all the answers

What is the pH range of blood?

pH 7.35-7.45 Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of atoms according to the Octet Rule?

To achieve 8 electrons in their outer shell Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed when electrons are shared unequally?

Polar bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for a charged atom that has lost or gained electrons?

Ion Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of bond formed between a slightly positively charged hydrogen atom and another slightly negatively charged atom?

Hydrogen bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for chemical reactions that occur between atoms to form compounds and molecules?

Chemical reactions Signup and view all the answers

What type of bond is formed when atoms share electrons to achieve a complete outer shell?

Covalent bond Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of ATP in cells?

To provide energy for cellular activities Signup and view all the answers

What is the sugar component of DNA?

Deoxyribose Signup and view all the answers

Which nitrogen base pairs with Guanine in DNA?

Cytosine Signup and view all the answers

What is the process by which most ATP is produced in cells?

Aerobic cellular respiration Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of genetic information in cells?

Chromosomes Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of bicarbonate ion in body fluids?

To maintain a stable pH Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic that distinguishes organic molecules from inorganic molecules?

Contain carbon and hydrogen atoms Signup and view all the answers

Biology Chapter 3: Understanding Elements and the Periodic Table

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