Gr 10 Physical Sciences Ch 3 SUM: The periodic table
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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with creating the first widely recognized periodic table?

  • Fluorine
  • Boron
  • Dmitri Mendeleev (correct)
  • Francium

    • What is the purpose of the periodic table?

  • To show the electron configuration of elements
  • To display the elements in order of increasing atomic number, highlighting recurring trends in their properties (correct)
  • To predict the existence of only radioactive elements
  • To list the elements in alphabetical order

    • What is the definition of atomic radius?

  • A measure of the size of an atom, typically the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electrons (correct)
  • The tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond
  • The energy required to remove one electron from an atom in the gas phase
  • A measure of how much an element wants to gain electrons

    • What is ionisation energy?

    <p>The energy required to remove one electron from an atom in the gas phase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is electron affinity?

    <p>A measure of how much an element wants to gain electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the range of electronegativity?

    <p>From 0.7 to 4.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called?

    <p>Groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be determined from an element's position in the periodic table?

    <p>Its electron configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general electron configuration of the noble gases (except for Helium)?

    <p>[noble gas]ns²np⁶</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the atomic radius as you move down the noble gas group?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend of ionisation energy as you move down the noble gas group?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of electronegativity as you move down the noble gas group?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the alkali metals' electron structure?

    <p>They have a single electron in their outermost shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the reactivity of the alkali metals as you move down the group?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the period number of an element indicate?

    <p>The highest energy level that is being filled with electrons</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of atomic radius across a period from left to right?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of elements is known for being highly reactive, especially with water?

    <p>Group 1: Alkali Metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general electron configuration of Group 15: Pnictogens?

    <p>[noble gas]ns²np³</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of elements is known for being inert and non-reactive?

    <p>Group 18: Noble Gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of ionisation energy across a period from left to right?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general electron configuration of Group 1: Alkali Metals?

    <p>[noble gas]ns¹</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of elements is known for being very reactive non-metals?

    <p>Group 17: Halogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of melting and boiling points across a period?

    <p>They vary depending on the type of element</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of density in the noble gas group?

    <p>It typically increases down the group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do the outer electrons in the noble gas group have lower ionisation energy?

    <p>They are further from the nucleus and less tightly bound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reactivity trend in the alkali metal group?

    <p>Reactivity increases down the group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the electron configuration of the noble gases (except for Helium)?

    <p>[noble gas]ns²np⁶</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of compounds do the alkali metals form with chlorine and oxygen?

    <p>Chlorides and oxides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do the alkali metals have a high reactivity?

    <p>They have a single electron in their outermost shell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend of atomic radius down a group?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general electron configuration of Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals?

    <p>[noble gas]ns²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the transition metals?

    <p>Often form colored compounds</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of elements is known for being less reactive than alkali metals but still quite reactive?

    <p>Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general electron configuration of Group 16: Chalcogens?

    <p>[noble gas]ns²np⁴</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the halogens?

    <p>Very reactive non-metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend of ionisation energy across a period from left to right?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the noble gases?

    <p>Inert (non-reactive) gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend of melting and boiling points across a period?

    <p>Generally increase to a peak and then decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary way in which the elements are organized in the periodic table?

    <p>By increasing atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the periodic table's arrangement into rows and columns?

    <p>To make it easier to see patterns and relationships among the elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of elements in the same group of the periodic table?

    <p>They have similar properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be determined from an element's position in the periodic table?

    <p>Its electron configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the elements in the same period of the periodic table?

    <p>They have similar properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Dmitri Mendeleev's periodic table?

    <p>To predict the existence and properties of undiscovered elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of elements in the same period of the periodic table?

    <p>They have similar properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the recurring trends in the properties of elements in the periodic table?

    <p>They allow for the prediction of the existence and properties of undiscovered elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups has a general trend of decreasing reactivity down the group?

    <p>Group 17: Halogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general electron configuration of Group 14?

    <p>[noble gas]ns²np²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups has a characteristic of being highly reactive, especially with water?

    <p>Group 1: Alkali Metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of atomic radius across a period from left to right?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups has a characteristic of being less reactive than alkali metals but still quite reactive?

    <p>Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups has a characteristic of being inert and non-reactive?

    <p>Group 18: Noble Gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of ionisation energy across a period from left to right?

    <p>Increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following groups has a characteristic of being very reactive non-metals?

    <p>Group 17: Halogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of melting and boiling points across a period?

    <p>Increases to a peak and then decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements is true about the trends in the noble gas group?

    <p>Atomic radius increases, and ionisation energy decreases down the group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the reason for the decrease in ionisation energy down the noble gas group?

    <p>The outer electrons are further from the nucleus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a characteristic of the alkali metals' reactivity?

    <p>They react rapidly with water.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of melting and boiling points across a period?

    <p>They increase from left to right.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do the alkali metals form compounds with chlorine and oxygen in predictable ratios?

    <p>Due to their electron structure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of density in the alkali metal group?

    <p>It increases down the group.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of the periodic table's organization into rows and columns?

    <p>It highlights the recurring trends in the properties of elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the position of an element in the periodic table and its electron configuration?

    <p>The position of an element determines its electron configuration.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the recurring trends in the properties of elements in the periodic table?

    <p>They solidify the periodic table as a powerful tool in chemistry.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the arrangement of elements in the periodic table based on?

    <p>Their atomic number and electron affinity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the periodic table's arrangement into groups and periods?

    <p>To make it easier to see patterns and relationships among the elements.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of elements in the same group of the periodic table?

    <p>They have similar properties and electron configurations.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the elements in the same period of the periodic table?

    <p>They have similar properties and electron configurations, but show a gradual change in these properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of the periodic table's arrangement into vertical columns called groups?

    <p>It makes it easier to see patterns and relationships among elements with similar properties.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of melting and boiling points for metals down a group?

    <p>They decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements is an example of a noble gas?

    <p>Helium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of atomic radius across a period from left to right?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of density in the noble gas group?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the electron structure of the alkali metals?

    <p>A single electron in the outermost shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do the elements in the same group of the periodic table have in common?

    <p>Similar properties</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary advantage of Mendeleev's periodic table?

    <p>It allows for the prediction of new elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the elements organized in the periodic table?

    <p>By atomic number</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the rows and columns in the periodic table?

    <p>To make it easier to see patterns and relationships among the elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the recurring trends in the properties of elements in the periodic table?

    <p>They highlight the relationship between elements</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can be determined from an element's position in the periodic table?

    <p>Its electron configuration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of electron affinity across a period from left to right?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of elements in the same period of the periodic table?

    <p>They have similar electron configurations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements is in period 3 and has an electron configuration of [Ne]3s²3p³?

    <p>Phosphorus (P)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which trend is observed in atomic radius across a period from left to right?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of ionisation energy down a group?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of elements is known for being inert and non-reactive?

    <p>Noble gases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general electron configuration of Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals?

    <p>[noble gas]ns²</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following elements is a metalloid in Group 14?

    <p>Silicon (Si)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of elements is known for being highly reactive, especially with water?

    <p>Alkali metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of melting and boiling points across a period?

    <p>They peak and then decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of elements is known for being very reactive non-metals?

    <p>Halogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of melting and boiling points for metals down a group?

    <p>Decrease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do the outer electrons in the noble gas group have lower ionisation energy?

    <p>Because they are further from the nucleus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of density in the noble gas group?

    <p>Increase down the group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of compounds do the alkali metals form with chlorine and oxygen?

    <p>Oxides and chlorides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why do the alkali metals have a high reactivity?

    <p>Because they have a single electron in their outermost shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the reactivity of the alkali metals as you move down the group?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of atomic radius as you move down a group?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of electronegativity as you move down a group?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of ionisation energy as you move down a group?

    <p>It decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the noble gases?

    <p>Non-reactivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the decrease in ionisation energy down the group in the noble gases?

    <p>The increase in atomic radius</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the trend of melting and boiling points across a period from left to right?

    <p>They generally increase</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the electron structure of the alkali metals?

    <p>A single electron in their outermost shell</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

    <p>It generally increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the increase in reactivity of the alkali metals down the group?

    <p>The decrease in ionisation energy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of density in the alkali metals?

    <p>It generally increases down the group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of the compounds formed by the alkali metals with chlorine and oxygen?

    <p>They have a 1:1 ratio of alkali metal to chlorine or oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of atomic radius across a period from left to right?

    <p>It generally decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for the increase in atomic radius down the group in the noble gases?

    <p>The addition of electron shells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general trend of ionisation energy across a period from left to right?

    <p>It generally increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

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