Gr 10 Physical Sciences Ch 3 SUM: The periodic table

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Questions and Answers

Who is credited with creating the first widely recognized periodic table?

  • Fluorine
  • Boron
  • Dmitri Mendeleev (correct)
  • Francium

What is the purpose of the periodic table?

  • To show the electron configuration of elements
  • To display the elements in order of increasing atomic number, highlighting recurring trends in their properties (correct)
  • To predict the existence of only radioactive elements
  • To list the elements in alphabetical order

What is the definition of atomic radius?

  • A measure of the size of an atom, typically the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electrons (correct)
  • The tendency of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond
  • The energy required to remove one electron from an atom in the gas phase
  • A measure of how much an element wants to gain electrons

What is ionisation energy?

<p>The energy required to remove one electron from an atom in the gas phase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is electron affinity?

<p>A measure of how much an element wants to gain electrons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of electronegativity?

<p>From 0.7 to 4.0 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called?

<p>Groups (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be determined from an element's position in the periodic table?

<p>Its electron configuration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general electron configuration of the noble gases (except for Helium)?

<p>[noble gas]ns²np⁶ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the atomic radius as you move down the noble gas group?

<p>It increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend of ionisation energy as you move down the noble gas group?

<p>It decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of electronegativity as you move down the noble gas group?

<p>It decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the alkali metals' electron structure?

<p>They have a single electron in their outermost shell (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the reactivity of the alkali metals as you move down the group?

<p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the period number of an element indicate?

<p>The highest energy level that is being filled with electrons (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of atomic radius across a period from left to right?

<p>It decreases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements is known for being highly reactive, especially with water?

<p>Group 1: Alkali Metals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general electron configuration of Group 15: Pnictogens?

<p>[noble gas]ns²np³ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements is known for being inert and non-reactive?

<p>Group 18: Noble Gases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of ionisation energy across a period from left to right?

<p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general electron configuration of Group 1: Alkali Metals?

<p>[noble gas]ns¹ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements is known for being very reactive non-metals?

<p>Group 17: Halogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

<p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of melting and boiling points across a period?

<p>They vary depending on the type of element (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of density in the noble gas group?

<p>It typically increases down the group. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do the outer electrons in the noble gas group have lower ionisation energy?

<p>They are further from the nucleus and less tightly bound. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reactivity trend in the alkali metal group?

<p>Reactivity increases down the group. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the electron configuration of the noble gases (except for Helium)?

<p>[noble gas]ns²np⁶ (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compounds do the alkali metals form with chlorine and oxygen?

<p>Chlorides and oxides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do the alkali metals have a high reactivity?

<p>They have a single electron in their outermost shell. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend of atomic radius down a group?

<p>Increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general electron configuration of Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals?

<p>[noble gas]ns² (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the transition metals?

<p>Often form colored compounds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements is known for being less reactive than alkali metals but still quite reactive?

<p>Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

<p>Increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general electron configuration of Group 16: Chalcogens?

<p>[noble gas]ns²np⁴ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the halogens?

<p>Very reactive non-metals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend of ionisation energy across a period from left to right?

<p>Increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the noble gases?

<p>Inert (non-reactive) gases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend of melting and boiling points across a period?

<p>Generally increase to a peak and then decrease (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary way in which the elements are organized in the periodic table?

<p>By increasing atomic number (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the periodic table's arrangement into rows and columns?

<p>To make it easier to see patterns and relationships among the elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of elements in the same group of the periodic table?

<p>They have similar properties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be determined from an element's position in the periodic table?

<p>Its electron configuration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the elements in the same period of the periodic table?

<p>They have similar properties (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of Dmitri Mendeleev's periodic table?

<p>To predict the existence and properties of undiscovered elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of elements in the same period of the periodic table?

<p>They have similar properties (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the recurring trends in the properties of elements in the periodic table?

<p>They allow for the prediction of the existence and properties of undiscovered elements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups has a general trend of decreasing reactivity down the group?

<p>Group 17: Halogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general electron configuration of Group 14?

<p>[noble gas]ns²np² (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups has a characteristic of being highly reactive, especially with water?

<p>Group 1: Alkali Metals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of atomic radius across a period from left to right?

<p>Decreases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups has a characteristic of being less reactive than alkali metals but still quite reactive?

<p>Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

<p>Increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups has a characteristic of being inert and non-reactive?

<p>Group 18: Noble Gases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of ionisation energy across a period from left to right?

<p>Increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following groups has a characteristic of being very reactive non-metals?

<p>Group 17: Halogens (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of melting and boiling points across a period?

<p>Increases to a peak and then decreases (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is true about the trends in the noble gas group?

<p>Atomic radius increases, and ionisation energy decreases down the group. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason for the decrease in ionisation energy down the noble gas group?

<p>The outer electrons are further from the nucleus. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of the alkali metals' reactivity?

<p>They react rapidly with water. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of melting and boiling points across a period?

<p>They increase from left to right. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do the alkali metals form compounds with chlorine and oxygen in predictable ratios?

<p>Due to their electron structure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of density in the alkali metal group?

<p>It increases down the group. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of the periodic table's organization into rows and columns?

<p>It highlights the recurring trends in the properties of elements. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the position of an element in the periodic table and its electron configuration?

<p>The position of an element determines its electron configuration. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the recurring trends in the properties of elements in the periodic table?

<p>They solidify the periodic table as a powerful tool in chemistry. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the arrangement of elements in the periodic table based on?

<p>Their atomic number and electron affinity. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the periodic table's arrangement into groups and periods?

<p>To make it easier to see patterns and relationships among the elements. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of elements in the same group of the periodic table?

<p>They have similar properties and electron configurations. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the elements in the same period of the periodic table?

<p>They have similar properties and electron configurations, but show a gradual change in these properties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of the periodic table's arrangement into vertical columns called groups?

<p>It makes it easier to see patterns and relationships among elements with similar properties. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of melting and boiling points for metals down a group?

<p>They decrease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

<p>It increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is an example of a noble gas?

<p>Helium (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of atomic radius across a period from left to right?

<p>It decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of density in the noble gas group?

<p>It increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the electron structure of the alkali metals?

<p>A single electron in the outermost shell (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do the elements in the same group of the periodic table have in common?

<p>Similar properties (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of Mendeleev's periodic table?

<p>It allows for the prediction of new elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are the elements organized in the periodic table?

<p>By atomic number (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the rows and columns in the periodic table?

<p>To make it easier to see patterns and relationships among the elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of the recurring trends in the properties of elements in the periodic table?

<p>They highlight the relationship between elements (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What can be determined from an element's position in the periodic table?

<p>Its electron configuration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of electron affinity across a period from left to right?

<p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of elements in the same period of the periodic table?

<p>They have similar electron configurations (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is in period 3 and has an electron configuration of [Ne]3s²3p³?

<p>Phosphorus (P) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which trend is observed in atomic radius across a period from left to right?

<p>It decreases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of ionisation energy down a group?

<p>It decreases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements is known for being inert and non-reactive?

<p>Noble gases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general electron configuration of Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals?

<p>[noble gas]ns² (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is a metalloid in Group 14?

<p>Silicon (Si) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

<p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements is known for being highly reactive, especially with water?

<p>Alkali metals (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of melting and boiling points across a period?

<p>They peak and then decrease (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which group of elements is known for being very reactive non-metals?

<p>Halogens (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of melting and boiling points for metals down a group?

<p>Decrease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do the outer electrons in the noble gas group have lower ionisation energy?

<p>Because they are further from the nucleus (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of density in the noble gas group?

<p>Increase down the group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of compounds do the alkali metals form with chlorine and oxygen?

<p>Oxides and chlorides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do the alkali metals have a high reactivity?

<p>Because they have a single electron in their outermost shell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the reactivity of the alkali metals as you move down the group?

<p>It increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of atomic radius as you move down a group?

<p>It increases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of electronegativity as you move down a group?

<p>It decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of ionisation energy as you move down a group?

<p>It decreases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the noble gases?

<p>Non-reactivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the decrease in ionisation energy down the group in the noble gases?

<p>The increase in atomic radius (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend of melting and boiling points across a period from left to right?

<p>They generally increase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the electron structure of the alkali metals?

<p>A single electron in their outermost shell (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of electronegativity across a period from left to right?

<p>It generally increases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the increase in reactivity of the alkali metals down the group?

<p>The decrease in ionisation energy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of density in the alkali metals?

<p>It generally increases down the group (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the compounds formed by the alkali metals with chlorine and oxygen?

<p>They have a 1:1 ratio of alkali metal to chlorine or oxygen (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of atomic radius across a period from left to right?

<p>It generally decreases (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason for the increase in atomic radius down the group in the noble gases?

<p>The addition of electron shells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the general trend of ionisation energy across a period from left to right?

<p>It generally increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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