12 Questions
What is learning?
A permanent change in behavior or knowledge due to experience
What is the target in perception?
The object or situation being perceived
What is attribution theory concerned with?
Explaining the causes behind perceived behavior
Who discovered classical conditioning?
Ivan Pavlov
What does classical conditioning involve?
Creating a conditioned response through associations
In what context does behavioral change start?
Through the acceptance of new knowledge by the mind
What type of learning involves repeating behaviors that result in pleasurable outcomes?
Operant conditioning
Which type of attribution error involves attributing achievements to good inner qualities and failures to external factors?
Self-serving bias
What term refers to the likelihood that people facing the same situation will have similar responses?
Consistency
Which process involves selecting, organizing, interpreting, and responding to information from the environment?
Perception
Who is referred to as the perceiver in the context of perception?
The observer or individual perceiving a situation
What is the process of altering behavior after observing the behavior of others and recognizing its consequences?
Social learning
Study Notes
Learning, Perception, and Attribution
- Learning is a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge due to experience.
- Behavioral change starts with the acceptance of new knowledge in the mind.
Perception
- Perception is the process by which people select, organize, interpret, retrieve, and respond to information from their environment.
- The perceiver's characteristics greatly influence their perception.
- The target refers to the object or situation being perceived, and its characteristics have a significant impact on perception.
- The situation refers to the context in which perception takes place, and its characteristics influence perception.
Theories of Learning
Classical Conditioning
- Discovered by Ivan Pavlov, classical conditioning is a type of unconscious or automatic learning.
- It involves creating a conditioned response through associations between an unconditioned stimulus and a neutral stimulus.
- Placing a neutral stimulus before a naturally occurring reflex triggers classical conditioning.
Operant Conditioning
- Operant conditioning is a type of learning where people learn to repeat behaviors that bring them pleasurable outcomes and avoid behaviors that lead to uncomfortable outcomes.
Social Learning
- Social learning is the process of observing the behavior of others, recognizing its consequence, and altering behavior as a result.
Attribution
- Attribution is the process by which people ascribe causes to the behavior they perceive.
- Attribution theory is useful for understanding human behavior.
- Self-serving bias is an attribution error where people attribute their achievements to their good inner qualities and their failures to adverse environmental factors.
- Distinctiveness refers to the consistency of a person's behavior across different situations.
- Consensus refers to the likelihood that all those facing the same situation will have similar responses.
- Consistency refers to the measure of whether an individual responds the same way across time.
Explore the concept of learning as a relatively permanent change in behavior or knowledge due to experience. Learn how behavioral change starts with the mind accepting new knowledge and discover the role of the target in perception.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
