Chapter 3: Cells and Tissues Anatomy

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the nucleus in a cell?

Produce energy for the cell

Control the movement of materials in and out of the cell

Store genetic material (correct)

Break down waste materials

Which structure is responsible for producing ribosomes in the nucleus?

Nucleolus (correct)

Chromatin

Plasma membrane

Nuclear membrane

What is the main function of the nuclear membrane?

Act as a barrier for the nucleus (correct)

Store genetic material

Produce energy for the cell

Control the movement of materials in and out of the cell

Which region of the cell contains the genetic material (DNA)?

Nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What are tissues made up of?

Groups of cells that are similar in structure and function Signup and view all the answers

What are cells considered to be?

Building blocks of all living things Signup and view all the answers

Where is chromatin located?

Scattered throughout the nucleus Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of microvilli?

Increase surface area for absorption Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of ribosomes?

Sites of protein synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Where are free ribosomes found?

Free in the cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?

Functions in cholesterol synthesis and breakdown, fat metabolism, and detoxification of drugs Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the Golgi apparatus?

Modifies and packages proteins Signup and view all the answers

Where are lysosomes located?

Within the cytoplasm Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of peroxisomes?

Detoxify harmful substances and break down free radicals Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of desmosomes?

Anchor cells together Signup and view all the answers

What do gap junctions do?

Allow communication and passage of small molecules between cells Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Function of the Nucleus

Acts as the control center of the cell, housing genetic material (DNA).
Regulates gene expression and mediates the replication of DNA during the cell cycle.

Ribosome Production Structure

The nucleolus is responsible for synthesizing and assembling ribosomes within the nucleus.

Nuclear Membrane Function

Serves as a barrier that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm, regulating the exchange of substances through nuclear pores.

Location of Genetic Material

DNA is located within the nucleus, organized into chromatin and chromosomes.

Composition of Tissues

Tissues are formed from groups of specialized cells that perform specific functions.

Classification of Cells

Cells are considered the basic structural and functional units of life, capable of carrying out all necessary life processes.

Location of Chromatin

Chromatin is found within the nucleus, playing a role in packaging DNA and regulating gene expression.

Function of Microvilli

Microvilli increase the surface area of the cell, enhancing absorption and secretion by providing more space for cellular processes.

Main Function of Ribosomes

Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis, translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.

Location of Free Ribosomes

Free ribosomes are found floating in the cytoplasm, synthesizing proteins that function within the cell itself.

Function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)

The SER is involved in lipid synthesis, detoxification of harmful metabolic byproducts, and calcium ion storage.

Function of Golgi Apparatus

The Golgi apparatus modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and lipids for secretion or delivery to other organelles.

Location of Lysosomes

Lysosomes are primarily located in the cytoplasm, containing digestive enzymes that break down macromolecules and cellular waste.

Function of Peroxisomes

Peroxisomes detoxify harmful substances, metabolize fatty acids, and generate hydrogen peroxide, which is then converted to water.

Function of Desmosomes

Desmosomes anchor adjacent cells together, providing structural integrity to tissues and enabling communication between cells.

Role of Gap Junctions

Gap junctions facilitate direct communication between neighboring cells, allowing ions and small molecules to pass through, aiding in coordinated cellular activity.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the anatomy of cells and tissues with this quiz. Explore the structures and functions of cells, as well as the organization of different cell regions such as the nucleus, cytoplasm, and plasma membrane.