Chapter 27: Body Fluids and Electrolytes
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Questions and Answers

What is the effect of decreased sympathetic stimulation of afferent arteriole on glomerulus pressure and urine output?

  • Increased pressure in glomerulus leading to increased filtration and increased urine output (correct)
  • Decreased pressure in glomerulus leading to increased filtration and decreased urine output
  • No change in glomerulus pressure and urine output
  • Decreased pressure in glomerulus leading to decreased filtration and decreased urine output
  • What is the primary function of Na+ ions in the ECF?

  • Responsible for 90-95% of osmotic pressure (correct)
  • Regulation of electrolyte concentration
  • Regulation of ECF osmolality
  • Regulation of ECF volume
  • Which of the following is NOT a route of excretion for Na+ ions?

  • Kidneys
  • Muscles (correct)
  • Liver
  • Sweat glands
  • What is the term for water evaporating from the skin?

    <p>Insensible perspiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the order of constituents in sweat?

    <p>Water, Na+, urea, Cl-, NH3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of total body weight is comprised of intracellular fluid?

    <p>40%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ion is primarily found in intracellular fluid?

    <p>K+</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism for regulating water excretion in the body?

    <p>Kidneys</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the movement of water from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration?

    <p>Osmosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a route of water loss in the body?

    <p>Ingestion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of receptors monitor blood pressure in the body?

    <p>Baroreceptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for abnormally high levels of potassium in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following hormones increases the secretion of potassium ions in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>Aldosterone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the phosphate buffer system in the body?

    <p>To regulate pH levels in the blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to blood pressure when the body's water content increases?

    <p>It increases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a condition characterized by an abnormally low level of calcium in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>Hypocalcemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following ions is predominantly found in the intracellular fluid?

    <p>Potassium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the regulation of acid-base balance through the respiratory system?

    <p>Respiratory regulation of acid-base balance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a condition characterized by an abnormally high level of sodium in the extracellular fluid?

    <p>Hypernatremia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of buffers in the body?

    <p>To regulate pH levels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an example of a strong acid?

    <p>Hydrochloric acid</p> Signup and view all the answers

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