Chapter 2 - The U.S Constitution Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary reason why the US Constitution was eventually ratified?

  • The need for a judicial branch
  • The promise of a strong executive branch
  • The promise that a bill of rights would be added (correct)
  • The desire for a weak legislative branch

    • Which article of the US Constitution outlines the process of constitutional amendment?

  • Article III
  • Article X
  • Article I
  • Article V (correct)

    • What is the concept that national laws prevail over conflicting state laws?

  • Supremacy Clause (correct)
  • Separation of Powers
  • Federalism
  • Checks and Balances

    • What are Amendments 4, 5, 6, and 8 collectively known as?

    <p>The Criminal Due Process Rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main purpose of the structure of Congress, according to the Framers' vision?

    <p>To be responsive to the needs and the will of the people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the legislative branch, according to the founders of the United States?

    <p>To check the power of the US President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of committees include members of both chambers of Congress?

    <p>Joint Committees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the supreme law of the land in the United States?

    <p>The US Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the freedoms contained in the Bill of Rights?

    <p>Broad principles</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the freedom of the press guaranteed under the US Constitution?

    <p>Freedom of the Press</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of Congressional Oversight?

    <p>To ensure the executive branch is administering laws in accordance with legislators' intentions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of an Ombudsperson in Congress?

    <p>To advocate on behalf of a constituent with an issue with a bureaucratic agency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the compilation of all laws passed by the US Congress?

    <p>The US Code</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the minimum number of electors a presidential candidate must secure to be elected president?

    <p>270</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Office of Management and Budget (OMB)?

    <p>To create the president's annual budget</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the National Security Council?

    <p>To advise the president on foreign policy and national security issues</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the line of succession to the presidency if both the president and vice president are unable to govern?

    <p>Speaker of the House, Senate president pro tem, Secretary of State, Secretary of the Treasury</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the appropriation of federal funds by congressional legislators for projects in their own congressional districts?

    <p>Pork Barrel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a special form of representation, personal aid to a constituent or group of constituents?

    <p>Casework</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the President as Commander in Chief?

    <p>To decide when to send troops into battle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of court system is in the United States?

    <p>Dual court system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which president initiated the New Deal in the United States?

    <p>Franklin Roosevelt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What power did Marbury v. Madison grant the US Supreme Court?

    <p>Judicial review</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what type of cases does the US Supreme Court primarily act as a court?

    <p>Appellate jurisdiction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered the highest form of law in the United States?

    <p>Constitutional law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During Franklin Roosevelt's administration, what power did the US Supreme Court grant the president concerning foreign affairs?

    <p>Broad latitude</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which courts have original jurisdiction for most cases in the federal court system?

    <p>District courts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What landmark case established judicial review as a significant power of the US Supreme Court?

    <p>Marbury v. Madison</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which branch of government does the US Supreme Court belong?

    <p>Judicial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most significant power exercised by the US Supreme Court?

    <p>Judicial review</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Senate Majority Leader?

    <p>To have the most power in the US Senate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 17th Amendment?

    <p>It shifted the power to elect senators from state legislatures to popular elections</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the House of Representatives?

    <p>To closely represent the people's views</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Chief of State?

    <p>To serve as the most ceremonial and symbolic role</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary determinant of a successful congressional campaign?

    <p>The candidate's incumbency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a Transportation Bill?

    <p>To appropriate funds for special projects within congressional districts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the President as Chief Diplomat?

    <p>To negotiate with foreign leaders</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many departments serve under the President's cabinet?

    <p>15</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Attorney General?

    <p>To serve as the Head of the Department of Justice</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Filibuster?

    <p>It is a procedural move that attempts to halt the passage of a bill</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Article III of the US Constitution?

    <p>Describes the powers and structure of the judicial branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amendment process is outlined in Article V of the US Constitution?

    <p>The process of constitutional amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Supremacy Clause in the US Constitution?

    <p>It establishes the concept that national laws prevail over conflicting state laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Amendments are collectively known as 'criminal due process rights'?

    <p>Amendments 4, 5, 6, and 8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights in the US Constitution?

    <p>To guarantee broad principles of freedom and protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of committees include members of both chambers of Congress?

    <p>Joint Committees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that contributed to the eventual ratification of the US Constitution?

    <p>The promise of a bill of rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the US Constitution in the US system of government?

    <p>It is the highest law of the land</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of freedoms are guaranteed under the First Amendment?

    <p>Freedom of speech and freedom of the press</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of Article I of the US Constitution?

    <p>It describes the powers and structure of the legislative branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the US Supreme Court?

    <p>As a court of appellate jurisdiction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Marbury v. Madison case?

    <p>It established the principle of judicial review</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the New Deal and who initiated it?

    <p>A series of social programs initiated by President Franklin Roosevelt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest form of law in the United States?

    <p>Constitutional law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the President as commander of the US Coast Guard?

    <p>As a supreme commander of the US Coast Guard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the US Supreme Court granting the President broad latitude in foreign affairs?

    <p>It gives the President broad latitude in foreign affairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the trial courts in the federal court system?

    <p>To serve as the main court of original jurisdiction for most cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the power of the US Supreme Court to review and declare laws unconstitutional?

    <p>Judicial review</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of the US court system?

    <p>A dual court system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the US Supreme Court in the US government?

    <p>It serves as the judicial branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of the structure of Congress, according to the Framers' vision?

    <p>To primarily create a legislature that could check the power of the US President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Bill of Rights?

    <p>It contains broad principles of freedom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which article of the US Constitution describes the powers and structure of the judicial branch?

    <p>Article III</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the legislative branch, according to the founders of the United States?

    <p>To primarily check the power of the President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Supremacy Clause in the US Constitution?

    <p>It states that national laws prevail over conflicting state laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why the US Constitution was eventually ratified?

    <p>The promise of a bill of rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of freedoms are guaranteed under the First Amendment?

    <p>Freedom of speech and freedom of the press</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the supreme law of the land in the United States?

    <p>The Constitution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the means of political expression guaranteed under the US Constitution?

    <p>Freedom of speech, freedom of the press, and freedom of assembly</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of committees include members of both chambers of Congress?

    <p>Joint Committees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main characteristic of the United States court system?

    <p>Dual court system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the trial courts in the federal court system?

    <p>To act as a court of original jurisdiction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the Marbury v. Madison case?

    <p>Granted the Supreme Court its most significant power</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest form of law in the United States?

    <p>Constitutional law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Supreme Court?

    <p>To act as a court of appellate jurisdiction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the nature of the power granted to the President by the US Supreme Court under Franklin Roosevelt's administration?

    <p>Broad latitude in foreign affairs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the New Deal?

    <p>A series of social programs that transformed the role of the federal government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the Chief of State?

    <p>To serve as the head of state and government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the US Supreme Court's power of judicial review?

    <p>It allows the Supreme Court to review and declare laws unconstitutional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the Coast Guard?

    <p>To act as the supreme commander of the US Coast Guard</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Congressional committees are specifically created to consider a particular concern or policy issue?

    <p>Select Committees</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does a head of a house member insert bills into?

    <p>Hopper</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group advises the President on foreign policy and national security issues?

    <p>National Security Council</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Congressional figure has the most ceremonial and symbolic role among the President's roles?

    <p>Chief of State</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the US Senate, who is the Majority Leader?

    <p>Most Senior Party Member</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which US President had issued the most vetoes during their tenure?

    <p>Franklin D. Roosevelt</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do presidential statutory powers refer to?

    <p>Powers Provided by Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which official is responsible for creating the President's annual budget?

    <p>Office of Management and Budget</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which concept shifted the power to elect senators from state legislatures to popular elections?

    <p>17th Amendment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who appoints the Chair of the Federal Reserve Board?

    <p>US President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main factor that contributed to the eventual ratification of the US Constitution?

    <p>The promise that a bill of rights would be added</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which article of the US Constitution outlines the process of constitutional amendment?

    <p>Article V</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the series of social programs initiated by Franklin Roosevelt that transformed people's views of the federal government?

    <p>New Deal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary focus of Article III of the US Constitution?

    <p>The structure and powers of the judicial branch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of the US Supreme Court?

    <p>Appellate court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the concept that national laws prevail over conflicting state laws?

    <p>Supremacy Clause</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which branch of government does the US Supreme Court belong?

    <p>Judicial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the freedoms contained in the Bill of Rights?

    <p>Broad principles of individual liberty</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the highest form of law in the United States?

    <p>Constitutional law</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which amendments are collectively known as 'criminal due process rights'?

    <p>Amendments 4, 5, 6, and 8</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main court of original jurisdiction for most cases in the federal court system?

    <p>Trial court</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the significance of the Marbury v. Madison case?

    <p>Established the principle of judicial review</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary purpose of the structure of Congress, according to the Framers' vision?

    <p>To be responsive to the needs and will of the people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of court system is the United States considered to have?

    <p>Dual court system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the legislative branch, according to the founders of the United States?

    <p>To check the power of the US President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who acted as the supreme commander of the US Coast Guard?

    <p>The President of the United States</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary characteristic of joint committees in Congress?

    <p>They are composed of members from both chambers of Congress</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the trial courts in the federal court system?

    <p>To hear cases for the first time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the supreme law of the land in the United States?

    <p>The Constitution of the United States</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What granted the US Supreme Court its most significant power?

    <p>The Marbury v. Madison case</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which role involves ensuring that laws are being administered in keeping with legislators' intentions?

    <p>Chief of State</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the 17th Amendment to the US Constitution?

    <p>It transferred the election of senators from state legislatures to popular elections.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which individual holds the most power in the US Senate?

    <p>Senate Majority Leader</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What determines a successful congressional campaign?

    <p>Candidate's Incumbency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who serves as the supreme military commander of the US armed forces?

    <p>US President</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the National Security Council?

    <p>Advising the President on Foreign Policy and National Security</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who heads the Office of Management and Budget (OMB) in the US executive branch?

    <p>Chair of the Federal Reserve Board</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the Speaker of the House represent in the US legislative system?

    <p>People's Views</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How many electors must a presidential candidate secure from the Electoral College to be elected president?

    <p>270</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which individual is first in the line of presidential succession after the president and vice president?

    <p>Senate President pro tempore</p> Signup and view all the answers

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