Chapter 16: Carbohydrates - Types and Energy Sources
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Questions and Answers

Which type of disaccharide is sucrose?

  • Maltose
  • Lactose (correct)
  • Amylose
  • Cellobiose
  • What is the main storage form of glucose found in plants?

  • Amylose
  • Cellulose
  • Amylopectin (correct)
  • Glycogen
  • Which carbohydrate polymer has a highly branched structure similar to glycogen?

  • Amylose
  • Maltose
  • Cellulose
  • Amylopectin (correct)
  • Where is glycogen primarily stored in animals?

    <p>Muscle cells (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which polysaccharide is the major structural polymer in plants?

    <p>Cellulose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most abundant disaccharide formed by linking two β−D-glucose molecules?

    <p>Cellobiose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of carbohydrate is composed of three to ten monosaccharides linked by glycosidic bonds?

    <p>Oligosaccharides (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary energy source provided by glucose in the human body?

    <p>Carbohydrates (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carbohydrate type is best recommended for a healthy diet according to USDA guidelines?

    <p>Polysaccharides (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the general formula for monosaccharides?

    <p>(CH2O)n where n = 3 - 7 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What naming system is used to identify a monosaccharide based on the number of carbon atoms in its main skeleton?

    <p>-ose system (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In stereochemistry, what term describes two isomers that are nonsuperimposable mirror images of each other?

    <p>Enantiomers (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for a carbon atom that has four different groups bonded to it?

    <p>Chiral carbon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which monosaccharide is the most important sugar in the human body?

    <p>Glucose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Dextrose' and 'blood sugar' are common names for which important biological monosaccharide?

    <p>Glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which hormone stimulates the liver to release glucose into the blood when blood glucose concentrations drop too low?

    <p>Glucagon (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which monosaccharide is the sweetest of all sugars?

    <p>Fructose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the principal sugar found in mammalian milk?

    <p>Galactose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disaccharide is formed by linking α-D-glucose with β-D-fructose?

    <p>Sucrose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of sugar is deoxyribose?

    <p>Aldopentose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which sugar has an -H replacing the -OH in its structure?

    <p>Deoxyribose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What results from a negative reaction in the Benedict test?

    <p>Reducing Sugars (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    blank must be converted to a phosphorylated glucose molecule for lactose to be used as an energy source.

    <p>-H groups in galactose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    blank is used as a preservative due to its ability to inhibit the growth of microorganisms.

    <p>-COOH groups in sucrose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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